viii CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Literatureandart ............................................................ 337
Christian literature........................................................... 338
Greek literature................................................................ 34θ
Architecture—Mosaic ........................................................ 34θ
Arcadius and Honorius—Stilicho—Rufinus.................................. 341
Alaric.......................................................................... 341
LECTURE CXXXV.
Stilicho defeats Alaric at Pollcntia .......................................... 342
Restoration of the walls of Rome ............................................ 343
Radagaisus repelled by Stilicho .............................................. 343
Court intrigues against Stilicho .............................................. 344
Stilicho is murdered .......................................................... 345
Alaric before Rome—Capitulation and second siege ........................ 345
Attalus ........................................................................ 345
Destruction of Rome by Alaric .......... 345
Alaric’s death—Athaulf ...................................................... 346
LECTURE CXXXVI.
Constantinus in Britain— Gerontius — Maximus............................ 346
Constantius.................................................................... 346
Theodosius IL—John—Valentinian.......................................... 347
PIacidia-Bonifacius—Aetius.............................................. 347
Bonifacius invites the Vandals to Africa .................................... 348
The Donatists.................................................................. 348
Genseric takes possession of Carthage........................................ 349
The Huns..................................... 350
Aetius.......................................................................... 351
Battle in the Campi Catalaunici............................................ 351
Attila in Italy—Foundation of Venice........................................ 352
LECTURE CXXXVII.
Murder of Actius.............................................................. 352
Death of Valentinian III..................................................... 353
Petronius Maximus............................................................ 353
Rome taken by the Vandals.................................................. 353
Avitus.......................................................................... 354
Ricimer...................................................................... 354
Majorian ...................................................................... 354
Libius Scverus ................................................................ 354
Aegidius—Marcellinus....................................................... 354
Anthemius .................................................................. 354
Olybrius ...................................................................... 354
Ricimer captures Rome ...................................................... 356
Glycerins...................................................................... 3o6
Julius Nepos .................................................................. 35g
Orestcs-Romulus Augustulus................................................ 357
Odoacer—End of the western empire....................................... 357
Art and literature.............................................................. 357
THE
HISTORY OF ROME, FROM THE
FIRST PUNIC WAR.
LECTURE xc.
Before proceeding to describe the third Mithridatic war,
I will give you a brief survey of the states and nations over
which the Itoman dominion extended at this time, as well as
of those with which Rome was likely to come in contact.
The Roman empire in Europe comprised, besides Italy,
Provence with a part of Dauphiné, and the whole of Languedoc
and Toulouse. Although the more distant tribes of Spain
were only in a state of half dependence, yet, after the war of
Sertorius, the whole of Spain may be regarded as under the
Roman dominion, with the exception of Biscay and Asturia.
The Cantabri, a great nation in the north of Spain, the separate
tribes of which seem to have been perfectly distinct and in-
dependent of one another, were quite free. Gaul was in a
condition which I shall describe more accurately when I reach
the time of Caesar’s conquests in that country. The Aedui had
the supremacy; the whole country was in a state of very great
weakness, and was already overwhelmed with German tribes.
The entire coast of the Adriatic, Dalmatia, and Illyricum,
were under Rome, but not to a great distance from the sea ;
the inhabitants of the high mountains of Bosnia and Croatia
were independent. The whole extent of Macedonia, such as
it had been under the last kings, as well as Greece, was a
Roman province. Thrace, and the country north of Scardus
and Scodrus, were still independent.
Bithynia in Asia had been bequeathed to the Romans by
the will of its last king, Nicoincdes. Mithridatcs was confined
to Pontus proper, and a part of Cappadocia; but the country
north of Trebizond was under his supremacy, and many great
kingdoms on the coast⅛ of the Black Sea, such as the northern
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