The Formation of Wenzhou Footwear Clusters: How Were the Entry Barriers Overcome?

rapidly.

3.2    The Diffusion of Footwear-Making Technique and Knowledge

Following China’ opening and reform, traditional state-owned and collective shoemaking
enterprises gradually declined, and skillful technicians, sales people, managers and the retired
set up their own factories. Subsequently, through master-apprentice relationships, shoemaking
technologies rapidly spread. The thick line in Figure 2 represents the diffusion process of
production and technology in the period. The process mainly includes the following aspects:

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