Contribution of Economics to Design of Sustainable Cattle Breeding Programs in Eastern Africa: A Choice Experiment Approach



16

Table 3: Simulated ML estimates from choice experiment, mixed logit

Bulls traits

Mean coefficient

Standard deviation
coefficient________________

Random parameters in utility function
Trypanotolerance

0.4556***

0.6684***

Traction potential

(0.0842)

1.6838***

(0.0812)

1.4233***

Fertility

(0.1302)

0.3747***

(0.1181)

0.7235***

Liveweight in Kg

(0.1209)

0.2772***

(0.1053)

0.3650***

Purchase price (US$)

(0.0956)

-0.2319*

(0.0529)

0.3087***

(0.1278)

(0.2425)

Non-random parameters in utility function

Low watering frequency                0.1831***

(0.0501)

Dark coat colour                       -0.0278

Constant

(0.0535)

-2.4696***

(0.2792)_________________________________________

Simulated log likelihood at convergence

-1231.072           N=2783

Likelihood ratio testa  941.8 (χ02.99(20) =

37.6); McFadden R2b = 0.312; Halton draws=100

Cows traits

Random parameters in utility function

Purchase price (US$)

-0.0333*

0.1161***

Trypanotolerance

(0.0145)

1.5671***

(0.0279)

2.1548***

Supplementary feeds

(0.0988)

-0.4217***

(0.1933)

0.7299***

Milk yield

(0.0908)

0.4429***

(0.1656)

0.4422***

Reproduction ability

(0.0741)

0.4866***

(0.1294)

0.7166***

(0.0965)

(0.1744)

Non-random parameters in utility function

Low watering frequency

0.0991

(0.0606)

Dark coat colour

-0.0359

(0.0505)

Liveweight in Kg

0.2911***

(0.0942)

Constant

-2.4601***

(0.3169)_________________________________________

Simulated log likelihood at convergence -1391.685             N=3036

Likelihood ratio testa  793.6 (χ02.99(20) =37.6); McFadden R2b =0.222; Halton draws=100

a The likelihood ratio test is given by 2(Lβ-Lω), where Lω is the unrestricted maximum log-likelihood from the
mixed logit estimation and L
ω is the restricted maximum log-likelihood from the multinomial logit estimation. It
has an asymptotic
χ2(k) distribution where k is the number of required restrictions.

b McFadden R2 is computed as R 2=1- Lω Lω

***, **, * indicate that coefficients are statistically significant at the 1, 5 and 10 % levels, respectively, using
P-values in maximum likelihood estimation. Robust standard errors in parenthesis.



More intriguing information

1. The name is absent
2. Linkages between research, scholarship and teaching in universities in China
3. The growing importance of risk in financial regulation
4. The name is absent
5. The name is absent
6. The name is absent
7. The East Asian banking sector—overweight?
8. Weak and strong sustainability indicators, and regional environmental resources
9. The name is absent
10. Delayed Manifestation of T ransurethral Syndrome as a Complication of T ransurethral Prostatic Resection