Table A7. Specialization and Trade Openness at the Country Level: Robustness Results
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) | |
Manuf. Trade/Output Total Trade/GDP Herfindahl of exports |
0.378+ |
0.297** |
0.196** |
0.230* 0.481** |
0.181** 0.479* |
0.166** 0.209+ |
0.242** |
0.362** |
0.229** 0.483** |
GDP per capita |
0.276 |
-0.057 |
-0.179** |
-0.080 |
0.041 |
-0.103+ |
-0.154** |
-0.167** |
0.440 |
(GDP per capita)2 Pop. density Population Mining GDP share Agr. GDP share |
(0.327) |
(0.098) |
(0.036) |
(0.166) |
(0.103) |
(0.056) |
(0.056) |
(0.053) |
(0.717) |
Constant |
-4.807 |
-1.501+ |
-0.611+ |
-0.553 |
-1.745** |
-0.965** |
-0.737 |
-0.562 |
-4.994 |
(3.017) |
(0.763) |
(0.325) |
(1.645) |
(0.572) |
(0.338) |
(0.462) |
(0.449) |
(3.251) | |
Observations |
20 |
36 |
53 |
20 |
36 |
53 |
56 |
55 |
53 |
R2_________________ |
0.253 |
0.162 |
0.430 |
0.721 |
0.408 |
0.505 |
0.156 |
- |
0.605 |
Sample |
Developed |
Developing |
no outliers |
Developed |
Developing |
no outliers |
full |
fa∏ |
full |
Estimation |
OLS |
OLS |
OLS |
OLS |
OLS |
OLS |
OLS |
IV |
OLS |
Notes: Robust standard errors in parentheses. + significant at 10%; * significant at 5%; ** significant at 1%. The sample period is 1970-99. The
dependent variable is the log Herfindahl index of manufacturing production shares (averaged over the period). All regressors are in natural logs (except
Pop. density, Population, Mining and Agr.) and are period averages. In the instrumental variables regressions, the instrument for trade openness is the
natural openness from Prankel and Romer (1999).
More intriguing information
1. The Veblen-Gerschenkron Effect of FDI in Mezzogiorno and East Germany2. NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
3. The name is absent
4. El impacto espacial de las economías de aglomeración y su efecto sobre la estructura urbana.El caso de la industria en Barcelona, 1986-1996
5. The name is absent
6. ‘I’m so much more myself now, coming back to work’ - working class mothers, paid work and childcare.
7. Apprenticeships in the UK: from the industrial-relation via market-led and social inclusion models
8. Input-Output Analysis, Linear Programming and Modified Multipliers
9. The name is absent
10. From Aurora Borealis to Carpathians. Searching the Road to Regional and Rural Development