Table 1. Descriptive statistics
|
England | |||
|
All |
Ethnic majority |
Ethnic minority | |
|
Dependent variables |
mean (SD) |
mean (SD) |
mean (SD) |
|
Ethnic tolerance |
9.75 (2.23) |
9.60 (2.12) |
10.81 (2.69) |
|
Participation Independent variables |
9.66 (1.89) |
9.62 (1.86) |
9.96 (2.06) |
|
Heterogeneity (EFI) |
.17 (.18) |
.14 (.15) |
.40 (.18) |
|
Ethnic proportion |
.13 (.18) |
.09 (.12) |
.39 (.28) |
|
Immigrants’ share |
.06 (.06) |
.05 (.06) |
.10 (.08) |
|
Classroom status |
4.40 (.53) |
4.41 (.52) |
4.36 (.59) |
|
Classroom climate |
9.98 (.83) |
9.96 (.82) |
10.13 (.86) |
|
Social background |
4.40 (1.32) |
4.44 (1.31) |
4.14 (1.33) |
|
Civic competence |
99.41 (18.81) |
99.72 (18.81) |
98.28 (18.72) |
|
Gender (% girl) |
50 |
50 |
52 |
|
Identity (% ethnic minority) |
12.8 |
0 |
100 |
|
N (%) |
2972 (100) |
2593 (87.2) Germany |
379 (12.8) |
|
All |
Ethnic majority |
Ethnic minority | |
|
Dependent variables |
mean (SD) |
mean (SD) |
mean (SD) |
|
Ethnic tolerance |
9.18 (2.20) |
9.04 (2.12) |
11.29 (2.29) |
|
Participation Independent variables |
9.63 (1.88) |
9.61 (1.86) |
9.87 (2.14) |
|
Heterogeneity (EFI) |
.12 (.17) |
.10 (.14) |
.34 (.19) |
|
Ethnic proportion |
.07 (.11) |
.06 (.09) |
.23 (.16) |
|
Immigrants’ share |
.19 (.16) |
.18 (.15) |
.31 (.19) |
|
Classroom status |
4.42 (.63) |
4.44 (.62) |
4.09 (.70) |
|
Classroom climate |
10.34 (.74) |
10.35 (.74) |
10.25 (.81) |
|
Social background |
4.42 (1.30) |
4.48 (1.27) |
3.47 (1.39) |
|
Civic competence |
99.03 (18.64) |
99.97 (18.48) |
91.63 (17.30) |
|
Gender (% girl) |
50 |
50 |
53 |
|
Identity (% ethnic minority) |
5.9 |
0 |
100 |
|
N (%) |
3594 (100) |
3383 (94.1) Sweden |
211 (5.9) |
|
All |
Ethnic majority |
Ethnic minority | |
|
Dependent variables |
mean (SD) |
mean (SD) |
mean (SD) |
|
Ethnic tolerance |
11.00 (2.45) |
10.67 (2.39) |
12.50 (2.07) |
|
Participation Independent variables |
9.82 (1.96) |
9.80 (1.92) |
9.95 (2.19) |
|
Heterogeneity (EFI) |
.19 (.20) |
.13 (.17) |
.43 (.18) |
|
Ethnic proportion |
.14 (.20) |
.09 (.13) |
.39 (.25) |
|
Immigrants’ share |
.12 (.15) |
.09 (.10) |
.28 (.22) |
|
Class status |
4.61 (.60) |
4.72 (.50) |
4.07 (.74) |
|
Classroom climate |
10.37 (.86) |
10.37 (.83) |
10.36 (.88) |
|
Social background |
4.61 (1.29) |
4.80 (1.18) |
3.62 (1.34) |
|
Civic competence |
99.55 (20.32) |
101.89 (20.22) |
87.69 (16.56) |
|
Gender (% girl) |
52 |
50 |
51 |
|
Identity (% ethnic minority) |
10.6 |
0 |
100 |
|
N (%) |
2669 (100) |
2386 (89.4) |
283 (10.6) |
23