Design and investigation of scalable multicast recursive protocols for wired and wireless ad hoc networks

• Joining/ leaving signalling messages

Three types of signalling messages inherited from SReM, which are as follows:

- Join / leave messages

These messages are used to establish the joining/leaving procedure of
nodes in the multicast tree. They are JoinM/LeavM messages
discussed previously in Section 4.3.2.

- Registration messages

These messages are to complete the joining/leaving process and
perform the registration process of new node joining the multicast
session. These messages are RqM,RpM discussed previously in
Section 4.3.2.

- Branching node messages

These messages are implemented to build and maintain the DBT for
multicast session. These messages are eBNM, rBNM discussed
previously in Section 4.3.2.

• Packet delivery process

To start multicasting data packets the source will send a copy of packets with
respective MoSReM headers to all of branching nodes in its MFT. Upon receiving
this packet, each of branching nodes needs to properly process the MoSReM header.
The standard processing for a branching node is discussed in Section 4.6.
Furthermore, the new proposed protocols use the same header format discussed in
Section 4.6.

In the rest of the chapter, the new features for each of the proposed protocols MoSReM
and SARM are discussed in details.

5.3 MoSReM Protocol Description

One of the protocol design issues that arise in the field of wireless networks is the
mobility management. Designed protocols must be able to guarantee the ability for
mobile receivers (hosts) to move from current point of connection to another new point of

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