connection smoothly and loss-free. MoSReM is a proposed protocol that falls in the
scope of handover protocols, which introduces the mobility feature in the edges.
MoSReM stands for Mobile Scalable Recursive Multicast protocol and it is an extension
to SReM protocol (discussed in Chapter 4).
Providing multicast services to mobile nodes in an IP internet-network [41] [46] [45] has
acquired a high attention from researchers because of the high demand on using wireless
devices (hosts) for Internet applications. Some challenges are facing the mobile
multicasting approach.
J First, IETF Mobile IP [52] supports only unicast delivery, so to support
multicasting, additional mechanisms need to be added.
J Second, additional mechanisms should be added to support the dynamic changes
of the topology because of receiver node movements.
J Thirdly, existing multicast routing protocols, such as DVMRP [66], MOSPF [49]
and PIM [24] , implicitly assume static hosts when setting up a multicast tree.
In this part of thesis, it has been proposed that mobile scalable multicast protocol
(MoSReM) is built as an extension of Scalable Recursive Multicast protocol SReM. The
basic idea of MoSReM is to use the concepts of dynamic branching node-based tree
(DBT) to build a multicast tree gradually and dynamically. MoSReM aims to address
scalable and join/leave latency at Mobile IP networks.
5.4 MoSReM Details
In the following subsections, the process of mobility in receivers’ i.e roaming process as
performed by MoSReM is discussed.
5.4.1 Roaming messages in MoSREM
Mobility management in receivers is the main new feature in the proposed MoSReM
protocol. To be able for MoSReM to guarantee this feature new messages are introduced
and called the roaming messages. These messages include two main controlling
messages: roaming in (Rm_in) and roaming out (Rm_out). They are used to perform
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