The name is absent

Chapter 5

demulsifier PR₅ prepared as described in section 5.3.1. In the figure samples 2
and 3 have clearer aqueous phases than others. Sample 2 has more separated

free water and thinner rag layer. So sample 2 with silicate at initial pH 8.5 has the

best emulsion separation.

Control PRi PR2 PR3 PR4 PR₅ PR₅

Figure 5.1 24 h emulsion adding 200 ppm demulsifier PRi - PR₅ at 50 ⁰C

Sample: 12      3

Adding:        Na₂SiOs    NaOH

I. pH:     8.3       8.5          8.5

E. pH:   8.0    8.0-8.5    8.0-8.5

Figure 5.2 Photographs of 24 h emulsion with 200 ppm PR₅ adding NaOH or
Na₂SiO3 at different pH

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