The name is absent

Chapter 3

data for R_emu∣ as described in section 3.3.2, using d_gv, σ, Dcp and к as fitting
parameters. Based on data fitting, mean diameter d_gy and geometric standard
deviation σ are 14 μm and 0.4. Signal attenuation fraction κ₀i∣, κ_em_u∣ and κ_water are
0.36, 0.02 and 0.62, respectively. Diffusivity of continuous oil phase Dcp is
5.7×10^¹° m²∕s.

The time-dependent drop size distributions of different emulsion samples
obtained from diffusion results are shown in Table 3.4.

In sample 4, after 3.2 hours, NMR signal attenuation is smaller than 0.01,
which implies complete separation of the oil and the water. Thus a drop-size
distribution of the emulsion cannot be obtained. Hence only first three results are
listed.

For samples 1 and 3, the mean drop diameter, standard deviation σ, κ₀∣∣and
Kemui do not change much with time, which suggests that the emulsions are stable;
the κ_water values are very low, which shows that coalescence is very slow in the
absence of demulsifier. In contrast, for samples 2 and 4, κ_water increases over time,
which demonstrates that demulsifier PR₅ accelerates emulsion coalescence. The
parameter κ_emu∣ of sample 4 is much smaller than that in of sample 2, which
indicates a lower emulsion content. Sample 2 has much more solids than sample
4; thus, the effect of solids is to make the emulsion more stable.

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