Learning-by-Exporting? Firm-Level Evidence for UK Manufacturing and Services Sectors

Table 2: Two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests on the distribution of TFP by various sub-groups ^a and industries, UK 1996-2004

Difference favourable to:				Difference favourable to:		Difference favourable to:		Difference favourable to:		Difference favourable to:
Industry (SIC2003 group)		All exporters vs.	All non- exporters	All permanent Exporters vs.	All never exported	All foreign- owned vs.	UK-owned non- exporters	All foreign- owned vs.	UK-owned Exporters	FO exporters vs.	FO non- exporters
Agriculture/Forestry/Fish (A/B)	AGF	-0.049	„ ___** 0.155	-0.049	0.154	-0.042	_ „ „ ** 0.188	-0.006	0.075	„ _ _ „** -0.328	0.002
Food/Beverages/Tobacco (DA)	FBT	-0.001	0.241	-0.001	_ ___** 0.259	-0.002	„ _ _ „ 0.329	-0.014	„ „ „ _ 0.095	-0.029	_ _ _ ,** 0.206
Textiles/Cloth/Leather (DB/DC)	TCL	-0.001	___** 0.252	-0.001	___** 0.267	-0.001	_ _ _ ** 0.338	-0.005	. - ** 0.112	-0.297	0.094
Wood products (DD)		-0.004	0.312	-0.001	_ ___** 0.351	0.000	„ _ „ „ ** 0.508	0.000	„ ___** 0.297	-0.182	0.610
Paper/Printing (DE)	WPP	-0.004	„ ___** 0.255	-0.006	____** 0.273	-0.001	„ _ ,_ ** 0.262	-0.030	0.023	-0.031	____** 0.275
Coke/Chemicals (DF/DG)		-0.013	- „ „ * * 0.199^**	-0.028	0.219^**	-0.023	„ _ _ „ 0.228^	-0.009	_ _ _ 0.056^	-0.001	_ ___ 0.187^
Rubber/Plastics (DH)	CRR	-0.005	. - ** 0.142	-0.004	. . ** 0.144	-0.006	_ - 0.207	-0.020	_ _ _ ** 0.083	-0.098	0.014
Non-metal minerals (DI)		-0.028	„ ___** 0.157	-0.023	_ ___** 0.169	-0.039	„ - „ _** 0.185	-0.133	0.039	-0.004	0.196
Basic metals/fabricated (DJ)	MET	-0.002	___„ 0.230	-0.002	„ ___** 0.237	-0.005	„ ___** 0.365	-0.007	0.204	-0.034	„ ___* 0.172
Fabricated metals (DJ pt)	MET	-0.008	_ _ . 0.215	-0.005	_ _ . - ** 0.240	-0.012	_ ___M 0.279	-0.014	0.074	-0.018	0.120
Machinery/Equipment (DK)		-0.002	0.199^**	-0.000	0.208^**	0.000	0.232^**	-0.034	0.018	-0.003	0.105^*
Office equip/Radio, TV (DI pt)		-0.026	____ 0.177^	-0.037	0.161^**	-0.009	0.195^**	„ „ . „ * -0.048	0.019	-0.128	0.058
Electrical machinery (DI pt)		-0.039	0.264^**	-0.041	0.316^**	-0.041	0.280^**	-0.030	0.022	-0.047	_ _ _ 0.206^
Medical/Precision (DI pt)	ENG	-0.008	0.261^**	-0.010	0.281^**	-0.025	0.345^**	-0.029	0.046	-0.002	0.245^**
Motor vehicles/parts (DM pt)	ENG	-0.035	____ 0.179^	-0.003	____ 0.273^	-0.034	0.232^**	-0.038	0.064	-0.097	0.071
Other transport (DM pt)		-0.033	„ _ ._** 0.245	-0.038	0.301	-0.050	0.321	„ _ „ „ * -0.109	0.100	-0.060	_ ___** 0.367
Manufacturing n.e.c. (DN)	OMF	-0.001	_ _ . 0.217	-0.001	_ _ . . ** 0.241	0.000	_ ___M 0.278	-0.011	_ ___M 0.070	-0.019	_ - 0.135
Construction (F)	CON	-0.008	0.262	-0.010	_ „ _ ** 0.289	-0.002	0.234	_ _ , ** -0.066	0.030	-0.027	_ _ _ * 0.090
Repair/sale motors (G pt)	RSM	-0.002	0.213	-0.002	„ _ _ „ ** 0.228	-0.001	„ ___** 0.337	0.000	0.221	-0.042	0.082
Wholesale trade (G pt)	WHO	-0.004	„ - „ .** 0.186	-0.003	„ ___** 0.207	0.000	0.211	„ „ _ „ * -0.020	_ _ „ ** 0.028	-0.016	_ „ . ** 0.084
Retail trade (G pt)	RHR	-0.001	„ ___** 0.292	-0.001	„ _ _ ,** 0.316 ____ M	-0.001	„ _ _ „ 0.328 „ „ „ _**	-0.038 „ _ _ „ **	„ ___* 0.057	-0.052	„ „ _ _** 0.097
Hotels/restaurants (H)		-0.009	0.161	-0.024	0.174	-0.003	0.097	-0.139	0.091	-0.108	0.035
Transport services (I pt)		-0.011	___ 0.276^	-0.015	0.285^**	-0.001	_ ___ 0.250^	-0.110	0.080^**	-0.031	0.139^**
Support for Transport (I pt)	TRA	-0.009	__** 0.178	-0.009	_ . _ ** 0.218	-0.008	. - ** 0.119	_ __** -0.158	0.007	-0.076	- . ** 0.121
Post/Telecoms (I pt)	POT	-0.011	„ ___** 0.151	-0.011	„ . . .»* 0.144	-0.008	„ „ „ „ ** 0.099	„ „ „ „ ** -0.090	0.033	-0.024	0.154
Financial intermediation (J)		-0.049^**	0.220^**	„ „ , „ ** -0.060	0.239^**	„ „ _ „ * -0.030	0.201^**	-0.037	0.037	-0.051	_ ___ 0.137^
Real estate (K pt)	FIN	-0.083^**	0.149^**	_ . . .** -0.091	. - 0.143^	-0.018	0.074^**	_ . . ** -0.144	0.148^**	-0.156*	_ _* 0.137^*
Renting (K pt)	FIN	-0.017	„ ___** 0.317	-0.016	_ ___** 0.358	-0.060	0.126	„ _ _ „** -0.239	0.005	-0.024	___** 0.427
Computer services/R&D (K pt)		-0.001	0.142	-0.001	„ . . .** 0.160	0.000	„ _ „ „ ** 0.108	-0.031	0.024	-0.016	_ _ _ _** 0.205
Other Business services (K pt) --------≡—:------------^----:------:------	BUS	_ ___** -0.023 ^* ^^ ■ ■	___„ 0.220	_ ___** -0.027	„ _ _ „ ** 0.238	____** -0.022	„ - _ _** 0.135	-0.095	0.019	-0.011	_ _ _ — ** 0.198

Note: ** denotes null rejected at 1% level; * null rejected at 5% level. Source: calculations based on weighted FAME

^a In each instance we are testing the two sub-groups listed against each other, with the null that the distribution of one sub-group dominates the other; the values measure the
greatest difference between the two sub-groups, and a positive value means that a sub-group lies to the left of the opposing sub-group.

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