Migrant Business Networks and FDI



Table 3 - Migrants networks and FDI - Italy

Dependent variable:

______Outward FDI_____

________________________________Inward FDI________________________________

Static models

Dynamic model

Static models

Dynamic model

Explanatory variables

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6

Model 7

Model 8

Model 9

Model 10

Model 11

Model 12

l_TGDP

1,944 ***

1,194 ***

0,876 ***

0,590 **

1,154***

0,075

2,181 ***

1,550 ***

1,160 ***

0,417

0,693 *

0,210*

(0,271)

(0,207)

(0,249)

(0,275)

(0,306)

(0,086)

(0,263)

(0,237)

(0,298)

(0,319)

(0,362)

(0,118)

l_sq_GDPDIFF

-0,299 ***

0,040

0,004

0,001

-0,044

-0,005

-0,392 ***

-0,150 ***

-0,112 *

-0,082

-0,098

-0,016

(0,060)

(0,049)

(0,053)

(0,053)

(0,052)

(0,014)

(0,060)

(0,057)

(0,064)

(0,062)

(0,063)

(0,019)

l_PCGDPDIFF

-0,028

0,032

0,023

0,011

0,003

-0,005

0,266 ***

0,243 ***

0,270 ***

0,262 ***

0,253 ***

0,015

(0,031)

(0,023)

(0,028)

(0,030)

(0,031)

(0,008)

(0,030)

(0,026)

(0,034)

(0,033)

(0,035)

(0,012)

l_DIST

-0,290 ***

-0,166 **

-0,179 *

-0,253 **

-0,327 ***

-0,058 *

-0,121

-0,011

-0,008

-0,078

-0,123

-0,025

(0,096)

(0,072)

(0,101)

(0,103)

(0,103)

(0,031)

(0,098)

(0,086)

(0,126)

(0,123)

(0,127)

(0,044)

l_OPENNESS

-0,532 ***

0,361 **

-0,038

-0,300

0,023

0,069

-0,324 *

0,296 *

0,130

0,049

0,139

0,019

(0,186)

(0,148)

(0,193)

(0,206)

(0,221)

(0,061)

(0,188)

(0,174)

(0,233)

(0,237)

(0,266)

(0,086)

DUMMYEU15

0,808 ***

1,052 ***

0,909 ***

0,763 ***

0,784 ***

-0,040

0,974 ***

1,173 ***

1,255 ***

0,927 ***

0,969 ***

0,143*

(0,243)

(0,182)

(0,212)

(0,223)

(0,218)

(0,059)

(0,238)

(0,209)

(0,252)

(0,255)

(0,257)

(0,082)

Dummyoecd

-0,028

0,831 ***

1,150 ***

1,304 ***

5,977 ***

0,564

-0,665 **

0,067

0,317

0,281

2,793 *

0,983 *

(0,266)

(0,205)

(0,250)

(0,260)

(1,220)

(0,383)

(0,274)

(0,249)

(0,322)

(0,323)

(1,593)

(0,566)

Chrisshare

0,256

-1,255 ***

-0,823 ***

-0,668 ***

-0,798 ***

0,020

0,211

-0,964 ***

-1,024 ***

-1,061 ***

-1,163 ***

-0,171

(0,255)

(0,209)

(0,245)

(0,253)

(0,246)

(0,072)

(0,258)

(0,251)

(0,306)

(0,301)

(0,311)

(0,106)

GOVERNANCE

0,462 **

-0,387 **

-0,213

-0,261

-0,182

0,015

1,121 ***

0,415 **

0,238

0,182

0,231

0,077

(0,210)

(0,164)

(0,201)

(0,207)

(0,207)

(0,059)

(0,201)

(0,187)

(0,246)

(0,246)

(0,248)

(0,084)

l_EMIGRANTS

0,647 ***

0,520 ***

0,510 ***

0,457 ***

0,474 ***

0,533 ***

(0,036)

(0,044)

(0,046)

(0,042)

(0,053)

(0,053)

LEMIGRANTSJOECD

0,418***

-0,007

0,526 ***

0,048 **

(0,057)

(0,017)

(0,065)

(0,024)

LEMIGRANTSJNONOECD

0,682 ***

0,055 **

0,598 ***

0,043

(0,063)

(0,022)

(0,081)

(0,030)

ljIMMIGRANTS

0,014

0,074

(0,079)

(0,095)

Llowskilledjmmi

-0,081

-0,016

0,032

-0,545 ***

-0,556 ***

0,008

(0,120)

(0,124)

(0,036)

(0,137)

(0,146)

(0,052)

Lskilledjmmi

0,154

0,821 ***

(0,130)

(0,154)

Lskilledjmmloecd

-0,013

0,026

0,711 ***

-0,065

(0,144)

(0,041)

(0,175)

(0,064)

Lskilledjmmlnonoecd

0,373 **

0,020

0,993 ***

0,084

(0,158)

(0,047)

(0,195)

(0,072)

Time dummies

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

const

-7,657 *

-15,529 ***

-7,430 *

-1,797

-12,708***

-0,801

-13,022***

-16,978 ***

-12,248 ***

-2,416

-7,613

-2,712

(4,263)

(3,218)

(3,856)

(4,267)

(4,894)

(1,350)

(4,124)

(3,623)

(4,511)

(4,802)

(5,808)

(1,843)

Adjusted R2

Number of observations

0,553
423

0,750
423

0,751

274

0,757
266

0,773
266

0,985

225

0,749
398

0,808
398

0,832
261

0,850
254

0,850
254

0,987

215

Notes: *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10% significant level; heteroskedasticity robust standard errors are in the parentheses.

The variable l_PCGDPDIFF is the positive difference (zero otherwise) between the sending and the receiving country.



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