Discourse Patterns in First Language Use at Hcme and Second Language Learning at School: an Ethnographic Approach



I 192

Annex 2.1

Societal and Linguistic Goals and their Relation to Educational Policies

(from Phlllipson, Skutnabb-Kangas and Africa, 1986:80)

Prograntmes

Segregation
LDS

Maintenance

HDS

Submersion
LDS

Immersion
HDS

Dominant medium
of education          _

Ll

I

L2

Africa
Namibia
Bantu
education

Europe
Bavaria FGR
Turkish
migrants

Asia
Uzbekistan
7 main
groups

EuropeZUSA
Sweden.
USA, Finns.
Chicanas

Afnca
Zambia
All main
groups

Europe
MostWE
indig. and
immig. min.

North Amencs
Canada
anglophones

Linguisticgoal

Societal goal

Dominance
LI

Apartheid

Dominance
LI

Repatriation

Bilingualism Bilingualism

Equity and Integration

Elites: L2
dom.. masses:
Ll dom.
Perpetuation
stratification

Dominance
L2

Assimilation,
marginaliza-
tion

Bilingualism

Ling, and cult,
enrichment,
job prospects

MajorityZMinority

Majority

Minority

Majority

Minority

Majority

Minority

Majority

Status of group
(high∕low)
Country industri-
alized∕under-
developed (IndZUnd)

Group has been (C)
or is (C+) coloni-
zed by L2 country

Language of group
— official
— standardized and
has teaching
materials

L2 official

L2 standardized and
teaching materials

Low
Und.

C+

+
+

+
+

Low
Ind.

+
+
+

High
Ind.

C

+
+
+
+

Low
Ind.

C

+
+
+

High
Und.

C
+

+
+

Low
Ind.

CZ-

+
+
+

High
Ind.

+
+
+
+

Note: LDS =Low Degree of Success. HDS = High Degree of Success.



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