Discourse Patterns in First Language Use at Hcme and Second Language Learning at School: an Ethnographic Approach

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Annex 2.1

Societal and Linguistic Goals and their Relation to Educational Policies

(from Phlllipson, Skutnabb-Kangas and Africa, 1986:80)

	Prograntmes
	Segregation LDS		Maintenance HDS		Submersion LDS		Immersion HDS
Dominant medium of education _		Ll	I			L2
	Africa Namibia Bantu education	Europe Bavaria FGR Turkish migrants	Asia Uzbekistan 7 main groups	EuropeZUSA Sweden. USA, Finns. Chicanas	Afnca Zambia All main groups	Europe MostWE indig. and immig. min.	North Amencs Canada anglophones
Linguisticgoal Societal goal	Dominance LI Apartheid	Dominance LI Repatriation	Bilingualism Bilingualism Equity and Integration		Elites: L2 dom.. masses: Ll dom. Perpetuation stratification	Dominance L2 Assimilation, marginaliza- tion	Bilingualism Ling, and cult, enrichment, job prospects
MajorityZMinority	Majority	Minority	Majority	Minority	Majority	Minority	Majority
Status of group (high∕low) Country industri- alized∕under- developed (IndZUnd) Group has been (C) or is (C+) coloni- zed by L2 country Language of group — official — standardized and has teaching materials L2 official L2 standardized and teaching materials	Low Und. C+ + + + +	Low Ind. + + +	High Ind. C + + + +	Low Ind. C + + +	High Und. C + + +	Low Ind. CZ- + + +	High Ind. + + + +

Note: LDS =Low Degree of Success. HDS = High Degree of Success.

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