Discourse Patterns in First Language Use at Hcme and Second Language Learning at School: an Ethnographic Approach

Contents

Page

List of Figures and Tables 6

List of Abbreviations 8

List of Annexes 9

The Aims

1.1 General aim of the study 10

1.2 The ethnographic approach 11

1.3 Overview of the study 18

The Literature

2.1 Language in Education policies
1. Colonialism and language 22

2. Traditional and colonial education 25

3. Linguistic minorities 28

4. Bilingual programmes in education 29

2.2 Oral language and Literacy
1. Literacy and cognitive processes 33

2. Differences between oral and written language 35

3. Oral discourse, oral text and school literacy 37

4. Bilingualism and development of literacy 39

2.3 The socio-historical school In Soviet Psychology

1. Introduction 42

2. Basic concepts 43

3. The role of the adult in education 47

4. Context and meaning 50

5. Kelevance for education in underdeveloped countries 52

2.4 Adult-child conversation
1. Adults' role in language development 54

2. Question-answer patterns 56