5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

146

Figure 4.3.17: Comparison between 8^th grade teachers and their pupils; perceptions of
motivation

PW = Practical work, UC = Using a ∞mputer, RT= Reading a textbook, TE = Teacher explanation,
IW = Individual work. IH = Individual helo. WD = Whole-class discussion. GD = Grouo discussion

A sense Ofsecurity

Table 4.3.22 and Figure 4.3.18 show that 8^th grade teachers were more likely than their
pupils to perceive that Practical work, Using a computer, Individual help, Whole-class
discussion and Group discussion promoted sense of security, with an effect size greater
than .5. In all cases, teachers’ responses were more positive than their pupils.

Table 4.3.22: Comparison between 8^th grade teachers and their pupils; a sense of
security

Figure 4.3.18: Comparison between 8^th grade teachers and their pupils; perceptions of a
sense of security

PW = Practical work, UC = Using a ∞mputer, RT= Reading a textbook, TE = Teacher explanation,
IW = Individual work. IH = Individual help, WD = Whole-class discussion. GD = Group discussion

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