CONTENTS

PART II —JUDICIARY

CHAPTER V

Obigins of the Alcalde Entregador........67

Itinerant officers in mediaeval Europe. Judicial protectors of migratory
flocks in Italy and in Aragon. Sheep protection in mediaeval Castile.
Inter-class litigation. Early relations of the entregador with the crown.

CHAPTER VI

The Entregador and the Towns.......... 86

Functions of the entregador. Inspection and protection of the canadas.
Restraint of marauders. Supervision of pastures, enclosures, and com-
mons. Conflicts with the Cortes and with towns. Exemptions from the
entregador’s visitations. Residencias or hearings of complaints. Re-
strictions upon entregadores by higher courts, Cortes, and town leagues.

CHAPTER VII

Decline of the Entregador............117

Hostility of the Cortes in the seventeenth century. Appeals to the chan-
cillerfas. Inefficacy of royal aid to the Mesta. Collapse of the entre-
gador system in the eighteenth century.

PART III —TAXATION

CHAPTER VHI

Shfep Taxes in the Mediterranean Region .... 139
Significance of sheep dues as a pre-feudal tax on movable property. Town
or local sheep taxes in North Africa, Provence, the Pyrenees, Aragon,
Valencia, Navarre, and Portugal. Royal or state sheep taxes in southern
Italy, Aragon, Valencia, and Navarre.

CHAPTER IX

Mediaeval Sheep Taxes in Castile.........161

Early local taxes. The montazgo and the porlazgo. Effect of the M∞rish
wars. Beginning of large scale sheep migrations, standardized taxation,
and fixed toll points.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER X

Local Taxes during the Rise of the Mesta (i 273-1474) 176
Fiscal clauses of the Mesta charter of 1273. Policies of Alfonso X (1252-
84) and Sancho IV (1284-95). Aggressive fiscal administration of Al-
fonso XI (1312-50). Sheep taxes during the civil wars of the later
Middle Ages. Extravagant tax concessions to the town and liberal ex-
emptions of the Mesta. Concordias or tax agreements.

CHAPTER XI

Local Taxes under Ferdinand and Isabella (1474-1516) 208
Fiscal reforms. Tax inquisitors. Fiscal duties of the Corregidores. Stan-
dardization of local sheep tolls. Political aspects of the tax situation.

CHAPTER XH

Local Taxes under the Hapsburgs and Early Bourbons
(1516-1836)..................227

Effect of the rising of the Comuneros (1500-21) upon the fiscal affairs of
the Mesta. Royal agents defend the Mesta. Sheep taxes of the Military
Orders and of the Church. Diezmos. Fiscal disorders under the later
Hapsburgs. Local taxes in the eighteenth century.

CHAPTER XIII

Mediaeval Royal Sheep Taxes...........254

Share of the crown in local taxes. Moorish sheep tolls. The senicio de
ganados or subsidy from domestic animals. Origin of the serι>ieio y mon-
tazgo. Royal sheep tolls during the period of fifteenth-century profligacy.
The tax schedule of 1457.

CHAPTER XIV

Royal Sheep Taxes of the Autocracy.......270

Reforms of Ferdinand and Isabella. The crown and the fiscal rights of
the Military Orders. Hapsburg exploitation of the pastoral industry.
The Fuggers and the Mesta. Bankruptcy of the monarchy in the seven-
teenth century. Reforms of Charles III.

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