Neighborhood Effects, Public Housing and Unemployment in France



Employed
persons

Unemployed
persons

Total
sample

Number of observations

Residential characteristics

9,800

673

10,473

Deprived neighborhood(a)
Tenure

2,980 (30.41)

323 (47.99)

3,303 (31.54)

Renter in the public sector

1,751 (17.87)

256 (38.04)

2,007 (19.16)

Renter in the private sector

2,517 (25.68)

217 (32.24)

2,734 (26.11)

Homeowner

5,155 (52.60)

178 (26.45)

5,333 (50.92)

Other tenures

Personal characteristics

377 (3.85)

22 (3.27)

399 (3.81)

Age

Nationality

41.84

41.55

41.83

French born in France

8,003 (81.66)

423 (62.85)

8,426 (80.45)

French born abroad

966 (9.86)

86 (12.78)

1,052 (10.04)

Foreign nationality
Education level

831 (8.48)

164 (24.37)

995 (9.50)

No diploma

1,256 (12.82)

167 (24.81)

1,423 (13.59)

At most lower secondary edu.

1,223 (12.48)

112 (16.64)

1,335 (12.75)

Vocational training

2,796 (28.53)

183 (27.19)

2,979 (28.44)

High school final diploma

1,261 (12.87)

71 (10.55)

1,332 (12.72)

University degree

Occupational status

3,264 (33.31)

140 (20.80)

3,404 (32.50)

Farmer or independent worker

1,041 (10.62)

37 (5.50)

1,078 (10.29)

Executive

2,468 (25.18)

89 (13.22)

2,557 (24.42)

Intermediate professions (b)

3,204 (30.59)

154 (22.88)

2,685 (25.64)

Office worker

957 (9.77)

64 (9.51)

1,021 (9.75)

Blue-collar

Characteristics of the spouse

Age

Nationality

2,803 (28.60)

329 (48.89)

3,132 (29.91)

French born in France

8,133 (82.99)

451 (67.01)

8,584 (81.96)

French born abroad

871 (8.89)

78 (11.59)

949 (9.06)

Foreign nationality
Education level

796 (8.12)

144 (21.40)

940 (8.98)

No diploma

1,171 (11.95)

159 (23.63)

1,330 (12.70)

At most lower secondary edu.

1,517 (15.48)

125 (18.57)

1,642 (15.68)

Vocational training

2,185 (22.30)

143 (21.25)

2,328 (22.23)

High school final diploma

1,626 (16.59)

80 (11.89)

1,706 (16.29)

University degree
Number of children

3,301 (33.68)

166 (24.67)

3,467 (33.10)

None

2,749 ( 28.05)

220 (32.69)

2,969 (28.35)

One

2,488 (25.39)

167 (24.81)

2,655 (25.35)

Two

2,905 (29.64)

144 (21.40)

3,049 (29.11)

Three

1,187 (12.11)

81 (12.04)

1,268 (12.11)

Four or more

471 (4.81)

61 (9.06)

532 (5.08)

Figures give the mean value for continuous variables and frequency for discrete variables. Figures in
brackets are % of the corresponding subsample.

(a) See definition in subsection 3.2. (b) Intermediate professions includes teachers and related, social
and healthcare workers, clergy, civil service middle managers, sales and administrative middle managers,
technicians, and supervisors.

Table 1: List of variables and summary statistics
26



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