Neighborhood Effects, Public Housing and Unemployment in France



Deprived neigh.

Other neighborhoods

Total

Public

housing

Other
tenures

Public

housing

Other
tenures

Number of individuals

1,348

1,955

659

6,511

10,473

% of total sample

12.9

18.7

6.3

62.2

100.0

Unemployment rate (%)

14.2

6.7

9.9

4.4

6.4

Tenure

Homeowner

0.0

60.7

0.0

63.7

50.9

Renter in the private sector

0.0

33.1

0.0

32.0

26.1

Renter in the public sector

100.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

19.2

Other renter

0.0

6.1

0.0

4.3

3.8

Individual characteristics

Age

40.1

42.2

38.9

42.4

41.8

Nationality

French born in France

59.6

76.9

70.1

86.9

80.4

Fr. born abroad

14.5

11.2

12.6

8.5

10.0

Foreign nation.

25.8

11.9

17.3

4.6

9.5

Education

No diploma

30.8

17.4

22.6

8.0

13.6

At most lower sec. edu.

16.5

14.7

14.6

11.2

12.7

Vocational training

33.9

32.33

35.8

25.4

28.4

High school final diploma

9.4

12.7

12.9

13.4

12.7

University degree

9.3

22.9

14.1

42.0

32.5

Occupational status

Farmer or independent w.

2.7

10.5

4.6

12.4

10.3

Executive

3.3

15.4

8.3

33.1

24.4

Intermediate professions

14.8

27.6

22.1

27.6

25.6

Office worker

13.6

10.9

14.0

8.2

9.7

Blue-collar worker

65.5

35.6

51.0

18.7

29.9

Spouse characteristics

Age

37.1

40.1

36.6

40.6

40.8

Nationality

French born in France

62.3

78.2

74.6

87.9

81.9

Fr. born abroad

13.2

10.9

9.9

7.6

9.1

Foreign nation.

24.5

10.9

15.5

4.5

9.0

Education

No diploma

32.5

15.6

22.5

6.7

12.7

At most lower sec. edu.

19.4

17.0

18.2

14.2

15.7

Vocational training

27.6

25.4

27.8

19.6

22.2

High school final diploma

10.2

15.1

15.8

17.9

16.3

University degree

10.3

26.8

15.8

41.4

33.1

Households characteristics

Number of children

None

21.7

29.6

24.7

29.7

28.3

One

24.3

25.8

21.8

25.8

25.3

Two

26.6

27.5

29.3

30.1

29.1

Three

14.8

11.8

15.0

11.3

12.1

Four of more

12.6

5.4

9.1

3.0

5.1

Figures give the mean value for continuous variables and frequency for discrete variables.

Table 3: Sample characteristics by residential situation

28



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