The Environmental Kuznets Curve Under a New framework: Role of Social Capital in Water Pollution



Table 2. Estimated parameters values associated with three pollutants obtained

from the one way fixed effects model.

Specification

SCI

SCI
square

SCI
Cube

Population
Density

F-
Value

R2

Nitrogen

Quadratic

-0.615

2.774*

N/A

.00063

___VV

16.75

.685

(0.74)

(4.20)

(.84)

Cubic

3.460*

-8.428*

7.050*

0.0008

14.74**

0.694

(2.55)

(2.77)

(3.76)

(1.09)

Phosphorus

Quadratic

-0.615*

0.496*

N/A

0.00009

25.87**

0.74

(1.99)

(2.03)

(0.32)

Cubic

-0.257

-0.488

0.619

0.0001

25.76**

0.743

(0.50)

(0.43)

(0.88)

(0.38)

Dissolved

Quadratic

0.878

0.116

N/A

-0.0026

26.27**

0.769

(0.27)

(0.04)

(0.86)

Oxygen

Cubic

1.544

-1.716

1.153

-0.0026

26.22**

0.769

(0.28)

(0.14)

(0.15)

(0.84)

1 Values inside the parentheses indicate t-statistics. * represents value is significant at
5%.

23



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