Table 12: Females: structural form estimates
|
Parameter |
Ex. Variable |
Drinking |
Smoking | ||
|
Estimate |
St. Error |
Estimate |
St. Error | ||
|
γa |
fitted smoking |
0.038 |
0.025 |
- |
- |
|
γc |
fitted drinking |
- |
- |
-0.337** |
0.102 |
|
father monthly drinker |
1.453** |
0.370 |
- |
- | |
|
father weekly drinker |
1.898** |
0.411 |
- |
- | |
|
father daily drinker |
2.070** |
0.386 |
- |
- | |
|
δa |
mother monthly drinker |
2.556** |
0.253 |
- |
- |
|
mother weekly drinker |
3.918** |
0.311 |
- |
- | |
|
mother daily drinker |
4.272** |
0.449 |
- |
- | |
|
father ex-smoker |
- |
- |
3.145** |
0.513 | |
|
X |
father smoker |
- |
- |
6.458** |
0.488 |
|
δc |
mother ex-smoker |
- |
- |
3.343** |
0.588 |
|
mother smoker |
- |
- |
7.960** |
0.487 | |
|
constant |
-6.610** |
1.830 |
-36.975** |
3.659 | |
|
year 1986 |
-3.556** |
0.367 |
-4.965** |
0.879 | |
|
year 1990 |
-3.213** |
0.355 |
-5.267** |
0.655 | |
|
year 1992 |
-6.772** |
0.626 |
-6.672** |
1.376 | |
|
west |
-4.932** |
0.466 |
0.642 |
1.039 | |
|
age |
1.109** |
0.139 |
3.265** |
0.276 | |
|
age2/100 |
-1.418** |
0.253 |
-5.551** |
0.517 | |
|
parents married |
0.087 |
0.353 |
-2.119** |
0.581 | |
|
father has low degree |
0.634* |
0.314 |
0.584 |
0.598 | |
|
father has medium degree |
0.921* |
0.398 |
0.807 |
0.842 | |
|
β |
father has high degree |
1.119 |
0.697 |
-1.077 |
1.452 |
|
father has uni degree |
1.787** |
0.471 |
-0.506 |
0.885 | |
|
mother has low degree |
0.306 |
0.279 |
-0.453 |
0.497 | |
|
mother has medium degree |
0.286 |
0.330 |
-0.795 |
0.692 | |
|
mother has high degree |
-0.015 |
0.842 |
-3.155 |
1.758 | |
|
mother has uni degree |
0.993 |
0.580 |
-1.848 |
1.061 | |
|
grown up with mother |
0.017 |
0.649 |
-4.177** |
1.218 | |
|
grown up with father |
0.087 |
1.896 |
-3.346 |
2.191 | |
|
grown up with both |
-2.335 |
1.820 |
-3.617 |
2.416 | |
|
no. children at parents home |
-0.136 |
0.073 |
0.498** |
0.119 | |
|
LR-statistic |
965.576 |
1090.842 | |||
|
number of obs. |
12773 |
13291 | |||
|
ovi-test |
________0.920________ |
0.061 | |||
Notes: ** significant at the the 1% level; * significant at the the 5% level; bootstrapped
st. errors (100 repetitions); “ovi-test” indicates p-values for testing over-identifying restrictions.
35
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