Tobacco and Alcohol: Complements or Substitutes? - A Statistical Guinea Pig Approach



Table 10: Females: reduced form estimates

Variable

Drinking

Smoking

Coefficient S

t. Error

Coefficient S

t. Error

father monthly drinker

1.413**

0.346

-1.059

0.590

father weekly drinker

1.863**

0.350

-0.914

0.596

father daily drinker

2.021**

0.339

-1.156*

0.574

mother monthly drinker

2.505**

0.260

-1.355**

0.452

mother weekly drinker

3.903**

0.344

-0.405

0.599

mother daily drinker

4.230**

0.433

-1.324

0.760

father ex-smoker

0.051

0.277

3.163**

0.502

father smoker

0.296

0.283

6.402**

0.501

mother ex-smoker

0.236

0.327

3.239**

0.567

mother smoker

0.214

0.285

7.856**

0.468

constant

-7.900**

1.881

-34.204**

3.238

year 1986

-3.698**

0.377

-3.741**

0.647

year 1990

-3.372**

0.303

-4.166**

0.509

year 1992

-6.943**

0.709

-4.368**

1.043

west

-4.853**

0.586

2.248**

0.778

age

1.216**

0.136

2.852**

0.239

age2/100

-1.606**

0.255

-5.008**

0.445

parents married

0.015

0.309

-2.137**

0.516

father has low degree

0.650

0.348

0.383

0.592

father has medium degree

0.945*

0.438

0.503

0.754

father has high degree

1.071

0.708

-1.439

1.241

father has uni degree

1.749**

0.478

-1.127

0.832

mother has low degree

0.286

0.270

-2.122*

0.967

mother has medium degree

0.250

0.342

-0.542

0.460

mother has high degree

-0.146

0.751

-0.876

0.593

mother has uni degree

0.905

0.552

-3.229*

1.376

grown up with mother

-0.123

0.682

-4.149**

1.103

grown up with father

-0.026

1.279

-3.035

2.068

grown up with both

-2.453

1.304

-2.730

2.098

no. children at parents home

-0.116

0.071

0.536**

0.118

LR-statistic
number of obs.

966.002

12773

1098.150

13291

Note: ** significant at the 1%-level; * significant at the 5% level.

33



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