Table A.48 Estimates of ad valorem equivalents (AVE) of nontariff barriers (NTBs) from various
studies (continued)
|
GTAP code |
GTAP sector |
Percent change |
Percentage point | ||
|
China (Shuguang, Yansheng, and Zhongxin 1998 and Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga 2005) | |||||
|
1994 NTB AVE |
2001 NTB AVE | ||||
|
37 |
Metal products |
23.8 |
0.4 |
-98.3 |
-23.4 |
|
38 |
Motor vehicles |
24.2 |
17.4 |
-28.0 |
-6.8 |
|
39 |
Transport equipment |
11.2 |
5.3 |
-53.1 |
-5.9 |
|
40 |
Electrical equipment |
19.7 |
4.9 |
-75.3 |
-14.8 |
|
41 |
Machinery nec |
14.7 |
5.6 |
-62.2 |
-9.1 |
|
Average |
-52.5 | ||||
|
Japan (Sazanami, Urata, and Kawai 1995 and Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga 2005) | |||||
|
1989 NTB AVE |
2001 NTB AVE | ||||
|
2 |
Wheat |
477.8 |
28.8 |
-94.0 |
-449.0 |
|
4 |
Vegetable, fruits, nuts |
117.8 |
35.0 |
-70.3 |
-82.8 |
|
5 |
Oilseeds |
526.1 |
30.5 |
-94.2 |
-495.6 |
|
17 |
Gas |
113.4 |
53.0 |
-53.2 |
-60.4 |
|
19/20 |
Bovine meat/meat nec |
63.2 |
37.4 |
-40.8 |
-25.8 |
|
22 |
Dairy products |
211.0 |
69.5 |
-67.0 |
-141.5 |
|
23 |
Processed rice |
737.1 |
27.1 |
-96.3 |
-710.0 |
|
25 |
Food products nec |
266.0 |
34.3 |
-87.1 |
-231.7 |
|
26 |
Beverages and tobacco products |
246.1 |
22.6 |
-90.8 |
-223.6 |
|
27 |
Textiles |
17.2 |
15.5 |
-9.9 |
-1.7 |
|
28 |
Apparel |
144.8 |
0.6 |
-99.6 |
-144.2 |
|
30 |
Wood products |
19.1 |
1.3 |
-93.1 |
-17.8 |
|
31 |
Paper products |
18.8 |
2.3 |
-87.6 |
-16.5 |
|
32 |
Petroleum and related products |
223.5 |
13.6 |
-93.9 |
-209.9 |
|
33 |
Chemicals, plastic, rubber |
157.2 |
6.9 |
-95.6 |
-150.3 |
|
36/37 |
Metals/metal products |
68.0 |
2.8 |
-95.9 |
-65.5 |
|
40 |
Electrical equipment |
256.5 |
13.3 |
-94.8 |
-243.2 |
|
41 |
Machinery nec |
45.8 |
7.1 |
-84.6 |
-38.7 |
Average -80.5
Four-country weighted average of averages (based on total 1990 imports, not shown) -51.1
96