List of Tables
Table 3.1 Bulk fluid properties at 30oC.........................................................................58
Table 3.2 EO∕PO content of phenolic resins PRx.........................................................58
Table 3.3 Different emulsion samples for the measurement.........................................59
Table 3.4 Time-dependent emulsion drop size distribution characterized by
NMR restricted diffusion measurement Ofsamples 1-4................................69
Table 4.1 Syncrude brine composition.........................................................................90
Table 4.2 Betaine samples used in wettability test.......................................................97
Table 4.3 Amine oxide samples used in wettability test................................................98
Table 4.4 Equilibrium of surface reactions.................................................................115
Table 4.5 Equilibrium constants о f reactions in Bulk solution....................................116
Table 4.6 Effective diameter of the hydrated ions......................................................118
Table 4.7 Calculated activity coefficients of ions in synthetic brine (l=0.0478 M)........119
Table 4.8 Kaolinite surface site densities and dissociation constants.........................125
Table 4.9 Alumina site densities and dissociation constants......................................129
Table 4.10 Adsorption equilibrium constants of surface reactions................................143
Table 5.1 Emulsion samples with different alkali at different pH.................................150
Table 5.2 Emulsion samples with 200 ppm PR5 and different alkali at different pH after
removing top clean oil layer.......................................................................152
Table 5.3 Solubility test and titer calibration using toluene-methanol mixture.............170
Table 5.4 K-F titration calibration of water content in diluted bitumen.........................171
Table 5.5 K-F titration of water content in diluted bitumen mixed with toluene...........172
Table 5.6 Water content at different position of oil layer in partially separated diluted
bitumen emulsion with 200 ppm PR5 and 1x10'4 M silicate.........................174
Table 5.7 Asphaltene content of solid in different layers of emulsion..........................185
Table B.1 Zeta potential values of kaolinite sample in synthetic brine........................211