Popular Conceptions of Nationhood in Old and New European



descent („common ancestry’ in the survey).4 Moreover it also contains the item of
„common history and common destiny’, a characteristic that is commonly
associated with an ethnic understanding of nationhood. The survey was held in
Great Britain, East and West Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain, Austria, Hungary,
Czech Republic and Poland and contained the following question on national
identity:

Different things or feelings are crucial to people in their sense of belonging to a nation.
To what extent do you agree with the following statements?

“I feel (NATIONALITY) because I share with my fellow (NATIONALITY) ...

1. I do not feel (NATIONALITY)

2.  A common culture, customs and traditions

3. A common language

4. Common ancestry

5. A common history and a common destiny

6. A common political and legal system

7. Common rights and duties

8.  A common system of social security/welfare

9.  A national economy

10. A national army

11. Common borders

12. A feeling of national pride

13. National independence and sovereignty

14. Our national character

15. Our national symbols (the flag, the national anthem, etc.)

14



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