Retirement and the Poverty of the Elderly in Portugal



TABLE 4-2: Cross sectional comparisons of low income incidence for Retired
Individuals by Age Cohort

Year

Male

Female

Age cohort

Age cohort

<1920

1920-1930

1930-1940

>1940

<1920

1920-1930

1930-1940

>1940

1994

46,1%

32,8%

20,4%

31,1%

38,9%

31,1%

15,3%

20,8%

1995

52,5%

36,7%

24,3%

24,3%

45,9%

34,4%

28,9%

23,1%

JZ

1996

47,3%

37,8%

22,2%

13,8%

43,1%

34,9%

28,5%

13,5%

^co

1997

45,3%

38,0%

18,9%

14,1%

41,8%

38,3%

24,5%

8,7%

φ
о

1998

40,7%

32,4%

24,4%

8,8%

42,1%

37,9%

29,3%

16,1%

о
CL

1999

41,1%

41,9%

23,1%

11,1%

41,3%

38,7%

30,5%

8,2%

2000

51,6%

39,6%

24,7%

16,1%

34,1%

42,3%

28,7%

14,2%

2001

55,7%

41,2%

28,8%

14,5%

42,2%

42,1%

33,6%

15,1%

1994

62,3%

53,7%

44,6%

40,7%

54,9%

49,0%

38,1%

40,8%

1995

64,1%

49,3%

36,5%

39,6%

62,9%

50,6%

41,3%

33,8%

1996

59,3%

55,4%

35,9%

21,2%

56,9%

52,6%

43,5%

24,5%

jyj

1997

61,4%

55,0%

37,2%

22,8%

55,0%

55,6%

42,4%

25,7%

Ф
I—
О

1998

59,5%

50,7%

35,7%

17,7%

58,9%

56,6%

44,3%

27,8%

О
CL

1999

69,8%

55,9%

34,1%

27,2%

53,5%

55,7%

41,5%

27,6%

2000

63,9%

55,7%

40,5%

31,7%

56,7%

55,5%

44,3%

25,2%

2001

63,0%

57,7%

43,1%

31,2%

61,5%

54,3%

46,0%

24,5%

1994

47,6%

40,2%

24,1%

35,3%

40,6%

35,8%

21,2%

23,9%

1995

53,4%

37,7%

24,3%

24,5%

46,6%

35,8%

30,9%

23,1%


Ф

1996

48,5%

40,3%

24,4%

15,3%

44,9%

36,4%

30,6%

15,0%

Ф
Г"

1997

45,3%

38,6%

19,0%

14,1%

41,8%

38,8%

24,7%

8,7%

C

4o

1998

41,5%

33,9%

26,9%

8,8%

42,2%

39,3%

31,2%

16,8%

О
СО

1999

39,4%

38,4%

22,1%

10,8%

40,4%

35,3%

29,1%

6,1%

2000

48,4%

38,8%

24,4%

15,3%

34,0%

39,6%

28,1%

13,0%

2001

40,2%

37,8%

23,6%

11,5%

34,3%

39,2%

28,5%

12,5%

1994

57,6%

49,7%

36,7%

35,3%

46,7%

44,5%

31,7%

32,8%


ф

1995

54,0%

39,3%

25,7%

26,9%

48,9%

38,8%

32,7%

23,5%

1996

47,4%

39,1%

22,3%

13,8%

43,4%

36,0%

29,5%

15,0%

E

1997

44,2%

36,3%

18,9%

12,7%

41,2%

36,2%

24,0%

7,7%

о
о

1998

39,0%

28,5%

23,4%

7,5%

41,6%

35,5%

28,2%

16,0%

sp
Os

1999

33,6%

29,2%

19,0%

8,8%

36,2%

27,2%

22,7%

5,2%

СО
СО

2000

32,5%

22,8%

15,4%

7,6%

29,0%

22,8%

14,2%

4,9%

2001

33,2%

24,0%

14,6%

7,9%

24,6%

21,4%

14,3%

6,3%

Source: Authors computations based on ECHP.

29



More intriguing information

1. The name is absent
2. Public-private sector pay differentials in a devolved Scotland
3. Spectral density bandwith choice and prewightening in the estimation of heteroskadasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrices in panel data models
4. Keystone sector methodology:network analysis comparative study
5. The name is absent
6. Who runs the IFIs?
7. The name is absent
8. Firm Creation, Firm Evolution and Clusters in Chile’s Dynamic Wine Sector: Evidence from the Colchagua and Casablanca Regions
9. Insurance within the firm
10. Parent child interaction in Nigerian families: conversation analysis, context and culture