5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan



Table 7.4.15: Mean of frequency of deployment of teaching methods and affective attitude
promoted by teaching methods between pupils feeling happy strongly and less strongly with
praise given for more effort than before at 5th grade. ________________________________

Enjoyment____________

Motivation_______________

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N___

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

970

3.44

1.29

970

3.43

1.29

966

3.36

1.25

966

3.60

1.26

967

2.50

.90

_L__

491

3.00

1.36

491

2.95

1.36

489

2.84

1.33

490

2.98

1.32

491

2.25

.92

T=6.116, df=1459,

P<.01__________________

t=6.655, df=1459,
p<.01__________________

t=7.327, df=1453,
p<.01__

t=8.725, df=1454,
p<.01

t=4.946, df=1456,
p<.01

UC

H

968

3.34

1.55

968

3.40

1.46

966

3.12

1.44

965

3.17

1.34

965

1.56

.79

J.___

490

3.24

1.60

490

3.19

1.55

488

3.00

1.51

487

2.97

1.43

490

1.49

.81

t=1.165, df=1456,

p>.05 ______ _____

t=2.417,
df=934.127, p<.05

t=1.558, df=1452,
p>.05

t=2.662, df=1450,
p<.01

t=1.480, df=1453,
p>.05

RT

H

968

2.96

1.17

968

2.90

1.27

965

3.12

1.32

967

3.56

1.29

964

3.49

.96

_L__

489

2.60

1.16

490

2.51

1.25

488

2.67

1.27

488

3.17

1.40

491

3.27

.97

t=5.624,
df=982.078, p<.01

t=5.518, df=1456,
p<.01______

t=6.226, df=1451,
p<.01

t=5.188,
df=908∙992, p<,01

t=4.052, df=1453,
p<.01

TE

H

969

3.55

1.17

970

3.46

1.22

966

3.51

1.22

968

3.98

1.12

962

3.71

1.01

_L___

491

3.19

1.30

491

2.99

1.30

489

3.10

1.32

490

3.49

1.30

487

3.43

1.10

t=5.171,
df=899.331, p<.01

t=6.872, df=1459,
p<.01__

t=5.797, df=1453,

p<.01__

t=7.159,
df=861.376, p<.01______

t=4.683,
df=906.651, p<.01

IW

H

970

2.99

1.31

970

3.13

1.40

967

3.29

1.35

968

3.56

1.30

959

3.55

.96

_L__

491

2.78

1.33

491

2.82

1.38

489

2.94

1.42

490

3.26

1.40

490

3.37

1.06

t=2.773, df=1459, p<.01

t=4.016, df=1459,
p<.01_____

t=4.614, df=1454,

p<.01____

t=3.971,
df=918.629, p<.01______

t=3.057,
df=909.174, p<.01

IH

H

963

2.55

1.25

968

2.76

1.35

966

2.90

1.36

968

3.39

1.34

964

2.90

1.02

_L___

491

2.23

1.18

491

2.32

1.29

489

2.47

1.34

490

2.86

1.41

490

2.71

1.05

t=4.821,
df=1035.896lp<.01

t=5.984, df=1457,
p<.01

t=5.652, df=1453,
p<.01

t=7.035, df=1456,

p<.01__

t=3.262, df=1452,
p<.01__________________

WD

~hΓ~

970

3.29

1.20

970

3.31

1.21

967

3.28

1.24

968

3.48

1.25

955

3.36

1.07

_L__

491

2.92

1.18

491

2.80

1.25

489

2.80

1.23

490

3.05

1.29

487

3.05

1.13

t=5.597, df=1459,
p<.01

t=7.550, df=1459,
p<.01

t=6.965, df=1454,
p<.01___

t=6.175, df=1456,
p<.01__________________

t=5.169, df=1440,
p<.01__________________

GD

^H~~

970

3.26

1.20

970

3.31

1.20

967

3.28

1.18

966

3.40

1.20

958

2.49

.92

-L__

491

2.86

1.23

491

2.74

1.23

489

2.79

1.25

490

2.91

1.23

487

2.25

.90

t=6.018, df=1459,
p<.01__________________

t=8.415, df=1459,
p<.01__________________

t=7.247, df=1454,
p<.01__________________

t=7.364, df=1454,
p<.01__________________

t=4.782,
df=1000.471, p<,01



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