5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation

Sense ofsecurity

Sense of progress

Deployment

N

M

SD

N

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H___

1106

2.97

1.35

1103

2.86

1.29

1101

2.72

1.17

1101

2.94

1.25

1099

1.46

.63

J_z___

1000

2.65

1.36

997

2,44

1.24

992

2.33

1.20

993

2.55

1.23

994

1.37

.57

T=5.324,
Df=2081.738, p<.01

t=7.516, df=2098,
p<.01_____________

t=7.575,
df=2059.646, p<.01

t=7.369,
df=2075.588, p<.01

t=3.235, df=2090.976,
p<.01

UC

H

1105

3.21

1.51

1101

3.09

1.34

1098

2.78

1.25

1099

2.73

1.21

1101

1.37

.69

J_z__

1000

2.88

1.51

997

2.69

1.42

992

2.43

1.29

990

2.40

1.20

993

1.32

.66

t=5.051, df=2103,

p<.01__________________

t=6.647,
df=2048.176, p<.01

t=6.193,
df=2054.406, p<.01_____

t=6.286, df=2087,
p<.01__

t=1.852,
df=2085.159_τ p>.05

RT

H

1105

2.67

1.16

1100

2.57

1.18

1102

2.96

1.24

1101

3.31

1.23

1094

3.11

1.14

J_z__

999

2.55

1.19

993

2.31

1.15

991

2.60

1.21

991

2.97

1.25

991

2.95

1.16

t=2.360, df=2102,
p<.05__________________

t=5.113, df=2091,

p<.01__________________

t=6.689,
df=2076.328, p<.01

t=6.318, df=2090,
p<.01 .

t=3.195, df=2083,
p<.01

TE

H

1106

3.52

1.19

1103

3.40

1.20

1101

3.65

1.16

1101

3.98

1.05

1092

4.09

.98

J_z__

1000

3.20

1.27

996

2.96

1.22

992

3.21

1.26

992

3.65

1.14

992

3.90

1.05

t=6.013, df=2104,
p<.01__________________

t=8.440, df=2097,
p<.01__________________

t=8.237,
df=2022.904, p<.01

t=6.828,
df=2016.337, p<.01_____

t=4.211,
df=2029.020, p<.01___

IW

~H~

1106

3.32

1.25

1103

3.43

1.27

1101

3.73

1.21

1101

3.92

1.11

1092

3.86

.88

J_z__

1000

3.14

1.27

996

3.22

1.30

992

3.42

1.32

993

3.65

1.20

992

3.81

.93

t=3.346, df=2104,
p<.01__________________

t=3.604, df=2097,
p<.01__________________

t=5.552,
df=2015.040, p,.01

t=5.282,
df=2030.932, p<.01_____

t=1.367,
df=2040.344, p⅛.05

IH

H

1106

3.15

1.30

1103

3.49

1.31

1101

3.76

1.25

1101

4.21

1.04

1094

3.25

1.08

J_z___

1000

2.77

1.32

997

3.00

1.36

991

3.25

1.37

992

3.83

1.22

991

2.94

1.09

t=6.610, df=2104, p<.01

t=8.359, df=2098,
p<.01

t=8.880,
df=2011.867, p<.01

t=7.487,
df=1959.276_io<.01

t=6.649, df=2083,
p<.01

WD

H

1106

2.71

1.21

1103

2.64

1.19

1100

2.59

1.13

1101

2.67

1.14

1087

1.94

.96

J_z__

1000

2.38

1,21

997

2.29

1.15

992

2.22

1.11

993

2.36

1.14

992

1.79

.90

t=6.150, df=2104,
p<.01

t=6.976, df=2098,
p<.01

t=7.641, df=2090,
p<.01____

t=6.185, df=2092,
p<.01__

t=3.632, df=2077, p<.01

GD

H

1106

2.87

1.30

1102

2.85

1.27

1098

2.76

1.19

1100

2.76

1.18

1093

1.59

.82

J-__

1000

2.60

1.30

997

2.50

1.25

992

2.39

1.18

993

2.48

1.18

981

1.47

.72

t=4.662, df=2104,
p<.01__________________

t=6.354, df=2097,
p<.01__________________

t=7.151, df=2088,
p<.01__________________

t=5.289, df=2091,
p<.01__________________

t=3.602, df=2070.951,
p<.01__________________