5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment__

Motivation ______

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N

M___

SD

N____

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M

SD

PW

H__

1557

2.91

1.35

1552

2.78

1.28

1548

2.65

1.18

1548

2.87

1.23

1545

1.44

.62

J.___

549

2.55

1.36

548

2.31

1.25

545

2.20

1,20

546

2.44

1.25

548

1.35

.56

t=5.450, df=953.157,

p<.01__________________

t=7.422, df=2098,
p<.01________________

t=7.579, df=2091,
p<.01___

t=6.882, df=943.841, p<.(

t=3.233,
df=1055.664, p<.01

UC

H

1556

3.15

1.50

1550

3.02

1.35

1545

2.71

1.26

1543

2.66

1.20

1546

1.36

.68

J.__

549

2,78

1.54

548

2.56

1.45

545

2.34

1.30

546

2.34

1.25

548

1.29

.64

t=4.876, df=2103,

p<.01     ______

t=6.542, df=907.650,

p<.01          ______

t=5.683, df=926.200, p<.(

t=5.158, df=923.087, p<.(

t=2.354,
df=1012.349, p<,05

RT

H

1556

2.67

1.17

1547

2.53

1.17

1547

2.90

1.21

1546

3.25

1.22

1538

3.13

1.13

_L__

548

2.44

1.20

546

2.21

1.16

546

2.46

1.26

546

2.84

1.31

547

2.78

1,19

t=3.925, df=2102,
p<.01

t=5.463, df=2091,
p<.01

t=7.102, df=925.581,
p<.01

t=6.640, df=2090,
D<.01

t=5.978,
df=918.270, p<.01______

TE

H

1557

3.48

1.19

1552

3.34

1.17

1548

3.60

1.16

1548

3.95

1.02

1538

4.07

.98

_L___

549

3.05

1.32

547

2.77

1.27

545

2.99

1.31

545

3.45

1,24

546

3.81

1.10

t=7.083, df=2104,
p<.01

t=9.104, df=895.868,
p<.01

t=9.511, df=859.202,
p<.01

t=8.483, df=820.505, p<.(

t=4.837,
df=869.702, p<.01

IW

H

1557

3.29

1.25

1552

3.40

1.25

1548

3.65

1.22

1548

3.85

1.12

1539

3.87

.87

_L__

549

3.09

1.29

547

3.13

1.36

545

3.37

1.38

546

3.61

1.25

545

3.74

.97

t=3.166, df=2104,
p<.01

t=4.091, df=894.691,
p<.01

t=4.233, df=864.832,
p<.01    ______

t=4.060, df=871.545,
p<.01__________________

t=2.759,
df=873.082, p<,01

IH

H

1557

3.06

1.29

1552

3.41

1.30

1548

3.67

1.26

1547

4.15

1.05

1540

3.21

1.06

_L__

549

2.70

1.37

548

2.82

1.40

544

3.08

1.44

546

3.69

1.31

545

2.80

1,12

t=5.489,
df=910.476, p<.01

t=8.605, df=903.425,
p<.01

t=8.405, df=855.307,
p<.01__

t=7.461, df=806.286, p<.(

t=7.628, df=2083, p<.01

WD

H

1557

2.66

1.21

1552

2.58

1.18

1547

2.51

1.12

1548

2.61

1.13

1533

1.92

.94

_L___

549

2.24

1.19

548

2.18

1.16

545

2.15

1.14

546

2.27

1.18

546

1,71

.93

t=7.096, df=2104,
p<.01

t=6.883, df=2098,
p<.01

t=6.465, df=2090,
p<.01

t=5.848, df=926.032,
p<.01__________________

t=4,506, df=2077,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

1557

2.83

1.30

1551

2.78

1.27

1545

2.69

1.20

1547

2.70

1.17

1536

1.57

.79

J.__

549

2.50

1.31

548

2.41

1.26

545

2.27

1.16

546

2.42

1.21

538

1.45

.73

t=4.974, df=2104,
p<.01__________________

t=5.835, df=2097,
p<.01__________________

t=7.106, df=2088,
p<.01__________________

t=4.645, df=932.218, p<.(

t=3.094,
df=1016.360, p<.01