5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation___________

Sense Qfsecurity

Sense of progress ____

Deployment ____

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

801

3.44

1.30

801

3.44

1.31

798

3.36

1.28

798

3.60

1.26

799

2.47

.90

_L__

658

3.12

1.35

658

3.07

1.34

655

2.98

1.30

656___

3.14

1.33

657

2.34

.92

T=4.602, df=1457, p<.01

t=5.324, df=1457,
p<.01

t=5.541, df=1451,
p<.01

t=6.728, df=1452, p<.01

t=2.528, df=1454,
p<.05

UC

H

799

3.33

1.56

799

3.38

1.48

798

3.14

1.44

797

3.18

1.34

797

1.54

.79

J-__

657

3.28

1.58

657

3.26

1.52

654

3.02

1.49

653

3.02

1.41

656

1.52

.82

t=.607, df=1454,
p>.05_________________

t=1.504, df=1454,
p>.05______ ______

t=1.592, df=1450, p>.05

t=2.302, df=1448, p<.05

t=.484, df=1451,
p>.05__

RT

ɪɪ

800

2.99

1.17

799

2.92

1.26

797

3.15

1.32

798

3.57

1.28

797

3.46

.97

_L___

655

2.66

1.16

657

2.58

1.25

654

2.74

1.29

655

3.25

1.39

656

3.36

.97

t=5.368, df=1453,
p<.01

t=5.086, df=1454,
p<.01

t=6.027, df=1449,
p<.01

t=4.493,
df=1346.964, p<.01

t=1.918, df=1451,
p>.05___

TE

H

800

3.60

1.16

801

3.49

1.21

798

3.51

1.22

799

3.99

1.10

794

3.70

1.03

J.__

658

3.23

1.28

658

3.07

1.30

655

3.20

1.31

657

3.61

1,29

653

3.50

1.06

t=5.742, df=1456,
p<.01

t=6.343, df=1457,
p<.01

t=4.686, df=1451,
p<.01

t=5.874,
df=1290.913, p<.01

t=3.605, df=1445,
p<.01__

IW

H

801

3.02

1.31

801

3.16

1.40

799

3.30

1.35

799

3.59

1.29

792

3.59

.96

_L__

658

2.80

1.33

658

2.86

1.39

655

3.02

1.41

657

3.30

1.38

655

3.37

1.03

t=3.151, df=1457,
p<.01

t=4.075, df=1457,
p<.01

t=3.762, df=1452,
p<.01                     і

t=4.101,
df=1363.295, p<.01

t=4.178, df=1445,
p<.01__________________

IH

H

795

2.54

1.23

800

2.80

1.34

798

2.93

1.36

799

3.39

1.35

797

2.90

1.02

J___

657

2.33

1.24

657

2.38

1.31

655

2.54

1.35

657

2.99

1.41

655

2.75

1.04

t=3.205, df=1450,
p<.01

t=6.009, df=1455,
p<.01__

t=5.520, df=1451,
p<.01__________________

t=5.518, df=1454,
p<.01__________________

t=2.912, df=1450,

p<.01__________________

WD

H

801

3.34

1.19

801

3.32

1.22

799

3.31

1.24

799

3.53

1.22

791

3.38

1.07

J___

658

2.95

1.19

658

2.91

1.24

655

2.89

1.24

657

3.09

1.30

649

3.09

1.10

t=6.155,
df=1405.810, p<.01

t=6.298, df=1457, p<.01

t=6.530, df=1452,
p<.01__________________

t=6.703, df=1454,
p<.01__________________

t=5.051, df=1438, p<.01

GD

^H^~

801

3.28

1.20

801

3.34

1.20

799

3.32

1.20

799

3.44

1.17

792

2.46

.93

J₂__

658

2.95

1.23

658

2.84

1.23

655

2.87

1.22

655

2.99

1.25

651

2.35

.91

t=5.126, df=1457,
p<.01__________________

t=7.817, df=1457,
p<.01__________________

t=7.060, df=1452, p<.01

t=7.078, df=1452,
p<.01__________________

t=2.353, df=1441,
p<.05________________