Education and Development: The Issues and the Evidence

1987

Anzalone

Review

radio when properly used
is cost effective; TV
expensive and contributes
little to achievement

1987

Freeman

Grenada

use of computers
significantly disturbed by
poor electrical supply

1987

Williams

Trinidad & Tobago

within schools females
had greater access;
outside school males had

Vocational and Academic Secondary Education

1982

Schiefelbein & Fartel

8th grade Chilean
students

tracking into vocational
curricula where academic
achievement is not
emphasised will lower
student achievement

1983

Hinchliffe

Tanzania

higher annual unit
recurrent costs for al
education compared to
academic

1985

Cummings et al

Kenya

staffing and capital costs
higher for industrial

subjects

1985

Lee

South Korea
secondary graduates

in-plant vocational

training is more effective
than training in vocational
schools

1985

Metcalf

Review of studies

Rate of return to
vocational training high
enough to justify
investment

1985

Psacharopoulos & Loxley

follow-up survey of
secondary graduates
in Columbia &
Tanzania

no labour advantage to
graduates of vocational
courses

198(3

Tibi

Thailand

recurrent costs in
agriculture and technical
colleges higher than in
professional colleges