Table A.68 Ad valorem equivalents (AVEs) of transportation costs on US imports from
Brazil (AVEs in percent, imports in millions of US dollars)
|
GTAP |
GTAP |
Circa 1980 AVE |
1980 |
Circa 2003 AVE |
2003 |
|
1 |
Paddy rice |
15.287 |
0 |
18.3 |
0 |
|
2 |
Wheat |
12.4J |
ND |
2.8J |
ND |
|
3 |
Cereal grains nec |
31.7 |
1 |
8.1 |
1 |
|
4 |
Vegetables, fruit, nuts |
8.3 |
61 |
13.5 |
148 |
|
5 |
Oil seeds |
9.0 |
0 |
27.2 |
0 |
|
6 |
Sugar cane, sugar beet |
16.7 |
8 |
7.88 |
ND |
|
7 |
Plant-based fibers |
25.0 |
1 |
31.3 |
0 |
|
8 |
Crops nec |
5.3 |
967 |
7.8 |
568 |
|
9 |
Bovine cattle, sheep and goats |
31.9 |
0 |
8.3 |
67 |
|
10 |
Animal products nec |
10.2 |
2 |
6.5 |
21 |
|
12 |
Wool, silkworm cocoons |
5.8 |
1 |
2.2 |
0 |
|
13 |
Forestry |
12.3 |
11 |
22.3 |
3 |
|
14 |
Fishing |
5.0 |
62 |
10.7 |
194 |
|
15 |
Coal |
10.2 |
0 |
4.601 |
1 |
|
16 |
Oil |
3.4 |
10 |
4.1 |
500 |
|
17 |
Gas |
0.084 |
0 |
4.0 |
19 |
|
18 |
Minerals nec |
21.3 |
51 |
21.0 |
224 |
|
19 |
Bovine meat products |
40.1 |
0 |
2.3 |
0 |
|
20 |
Meat products nec |
5.3 |
82 |
5.8 |
151 |
|
21 |
Vegetable oils and fats |
7.9 |
53 |
7.8 |
18 |
|
22 |
Dairy products |
5.3 |
0 |
17.2 |
6 |
|
23 |
Processed rice |
20.386 |
0 |
22.0 |
0 |
|
24 |
Sugar containing products |
7.9 |
414 |
9.7 |
72 |
|
25 |
Food products nec |
7.1 |
429 |
9.6 |
440 |
|
26 |
Beverages and tobacco products |
10.7 |
67 |
12.4 |
27 |
|
27 |
Textiles |
10.2 |
85 |
7.0 |
327 |
|
28 |
Wearing apparel |
6.6 |
16 |
7.9 |
136 |
|
29 |
Leather products |
7.5 |
255 |
4.8 |
1,144 |
|
30 |
Wood products |
27.7 |
81 |
14.9 |
1,235 |
|
31 |
Paper products, publishing |
12.3 |
33 |
9.0 |
623 |
|
32 |
Petroleum, coal products |
10.2 |
29 |
6.3 |
101 |
|
33 |
Chemical, rubber, plastic products |
9.3 |
72 |
7.3 |
986 |
|
34 |
Mineral products nec |
17.3 |
14 |
21.1 |
493 |
|
35 |
Ferrous metals |
14.1 |
273 |
7.6 |
1,003 |
|
36 |
Metals nec |
2.0 |
75 |
2.9 |
518 |
|
37 |
Metal products |
8.6 |
31 |
8.5 |
226 |
|
38 |
Motor vehicles and parts |
11.1 |
180 |
5.0 |
1,581 |
|
39 |
Transport equipment nec |
5.3 |
52 |
0.2 |
1,937 |
|
40 |
Electronic equipment |
3.1 |
82 |
1.1 |
1,198 |
|
41 |
Machinery and equipment nec |
5.4 |
106 |
5.2 |
1,521 |
|
42 |
Manufactures nec |
2.1 |
40 |
5.2 |
110 |
|
Weighted average of AVEs |
8.1 |
6.6 | |||
|
Total Imports |
3,646 |
15,600 | |||
ND = no data, 87 = 1987 rate, J = Japan rate, 84 = 1984 rate, 86 = 1986 rate, 8 = crops not elsewhere classified (nec) rate, 01 = 2001 rate
Notes: Ad valorem equivalents of transport costs are taken as the sum of transport charges divided by import values at the 5 digit SITC
revision 2 level under each GTAP code. Uncoded circa 1980 AVEs are the simple average of available AVE estimates from 1979, 1980, and
1981; likewise for the circa 2003 AVEs with available 2002, 2003, and 2004 estimates. A concordance between SITC revision 2 and GTAP
is derived from CEPII (2007). For duplicate SITC codes in the CEPII mapping the mode GTAP sector was used. Weighted averages are
weighted by shares of 1980 or 2003 imports; rates used to fill in missing data are not considered.
Source: Hummels (2007); authors' calculations.
116