The name is absent



Table A.80 Ad valorem equivalents (AVE) of transportation costs on US imports from
Singapore
(AVEs in percent, imports in millions of US dollars)

GTAP
code

GTAP
sector

Circa

1980 AVE

1980
imports

Circa

2003 AVE

2003
imports

1

Paddy rice

18.2

0

6.8

0

2

Wheat

12.4J

ND

7.701

0

3

Cereal grains nec

27.184

0

7.2

0

4

Vegetables, fruit, nuts

7.1

0

8.7

0

5

Oil seeds

11.8

0

20.6

1

6

Sugar cane, sugar beet

13.9

0

7.08

ND

7

Plant-based fibers

25.3

0

36.0

0

8

Crops nec

9.3

2

7.0

18

9

Bovine cattle, sheep and goats

13.5

0

178.4

0

10

Animal products nec

3.2

4

11.5

0

12

Wool, silkworm cocoons

15.6

0

ND

ND

13

Forestry

9.3

18

8.3

1

14

Fishing

41.3

6

34.0

12

15

Coal

48.4P

ND

45.5I

ND

16

Oil

10.184

14

5.1

0

17

Gas

197.1

0

27.2

0

18

Minerals nec

9.7

0

8.1

0

19

Bovine meat products

8.4T85

ND

3.9

3

20

Meat products nec

10.4

0

4.3

0

21

Vegetable oils and fats

7.9

2

8.5

2

22

Dairy products

14.2

0

11.5

0

23

Processed rice

9.9

0

26.801

0

24

Sugar containing products

8.9M

ND

7.6

0

25

Food products nec

10.1

16

6.2

81

26

Beverages and tobacco products

16.3

0

11.1

1

27

Textiles

5.8

16

5.5

127

28

Wearing apparel

7.3

111

5.3

144

29

Leather products

11.9

4

5.0

3

30

Wood products

10.5

32

11.8

10

31

Paper products, publishing

8.1

5

5.8

138

32

Petroleum, coal products

9.6

71

23.8

0

33

Chemical, rubber, plastic products

6.7

47

1.6

1,909

34

Mineral products nec

5.0

23

11.4

5

35

Ferrous metals

7.2

0

4.3

4

36

Metals nec

1.1

19

7.3

20

37

Metal products

5.0

12

7.8

29

38

Motor vehicles and parts

5.1

4

4.5

40

39

Transport equipment nec

3.0

31

1.8

171

40

Electronic equipment

1.9

1,043

1.5

9,090

41

Machinery and equipment nec

3.8

259

2.4

1,264

42

Manufactures nec

7.1

25

1.8

27

Weighted average of AVEs

3.6

1.9

Total imports

1,766

13,100

ND = no data, J = Japan rate, 84 = 1984 rate, P = Philippines rate, T85 = Thailand 1985 rate, M = Malaysia rate, 01 = 2001 rate, 8 = crops
not elsewhere classified (nec) rate, I = Indonesia rate

Notes: Ad valorem equivalents of transport costs are taken as the sum of transport charges divided by import values at the 5 digit SITC
revision 2 level under each GTAP code. Uncoded circa 1980 AVEs are the simple average of available AVE estimates from 1979, 1980, and
1981; likewise for the circa 2003 AVEs with available 2002, 2003, and 2004 estimates. A concordance between SITC revision 2 and GTAP
is derived from CEPII (2007). For duplicate SITC codes in the CEPII mapping the mode GTAP sector was used. Weighted averages are
weighted by shares of 1980 or 2003 imports; rates used to fill in missing data are not considered.

Source: Hummels (2007); authors' calculations.

128



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