The name is absent



Table 5 Various estimates of price and income elasticities for US trade (imports and exports)

Type of estimate

NI

N2

N3

Period

Price elasticity

Income elasticity

Authors

US exports

Goods and services

SR

Relative price

1956-1996

-0.50

1.80

Hooper, Johnson, and Marquez (2000)

US exports

Goods and services

LR

Relative price

1956-1996

-1.50

0.80

Hooper, Johnson, and Marquez (2000)

US exports

Goods and services

LR

Real effective exchange rate

2004

-1.00

1.50

Cline (2005)

US exports

Goods

LR

Real effective exchange rate

1981-2006

-0.63

2.51

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Relative price of exports

1981-2006

0.20

3.04

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Real effective exchange rate

1988-2006

-8.56

1.91

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Relative price of exports

1988-2006

2.21

4.90

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Real effective exchange rate

1973-2006

-0.27

1.82

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Relative price

1973-2006

-0.23

1.85

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Real effective exchange rate

1986-2006

ND

1.97

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US exports

Goods

LR

Relative price

1986-2006

ND

0.76

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US exports

Goods

SR

Relative price

1980-1995

-0.95

1.12

Wren-Lewis and Driver (1998)

US exports

Goods

LR

Relative price

1980-1995

-0.65

1.21

Wren-Lewis and Driver (1998)

US exports

Goods

SR

GDP as income

1980-2003

-0.07

2.79

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US exports

Goods

LR

GDP as income

1980-2003

-0.20

1.44

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US exports

Goods

SR

Matched expenditure and prices

1980-2003

-0.03

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US exports

Goods

LR

Matched expenditure and prices

1980-2003

-0.09

1.19

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US partners imports (i.e., US exports)

Goods

LR

Simple average of HS6 estimates

1988-2002

-2.40

ND

Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004)

US partners imports (i.e., US exports)

Goods

LR

Median of HS6 estimates

1988-2002

-1.12

ND

Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004)

US partners imports (i.e., US exports)

Goods

LR

Weighted average of HS6 estimates

1988-2002

-1.17

ND

Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004)

US imports

Goods and services

SR

Relative price

1956-1996

-0.60

2.30

Hooper, Johnson, and Marquez (2000)

US imports

Goods and services

LR

Relative price

1956-1996

-0.30

1.80

Hooper, Johnson, and Marquez (2000)

US partners exports (i.e., US imports)

Goods and services

LR

Real effective exchange rate

2004

-0.82

1.50

Cline (2005)

US imports

Goods

LR

1967-1987

-0.22

2.10

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US imports

Goods

LR

1967-2006

-0.42

1.98

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US imports

Goods

LR

1988-2006

-0.69

2.18

Crane, Crowley, and Quayyum (2007)

US imports

Goods

LR

Real effective exchange rate

1973-2006

-0.55

2.46

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US imports

Goods

LR

Relative price

1973-2006

-0.41

2.03

Cardarelli et al (2007)

US imports

Goods

LR

Real effective exchange rate

1986-2006

ND

1.86

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US imports

Goods

LR

Relative price

1986-2006

ND

2.46

Cardarelli et al. (2007)

US imports

Goods

SR

Relative price

1980-1995

-0.38

2.43

Wren-Lewis and Driver (1998)

US imports

Goods

LR

Relative price

1980-1995

-0.18

2.36

Wren-Lewis and Driver (1998)

US imports

Goods

SR

GDP as income

1980-2003

-0.17

4.11

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US imports

Goods

LR

GDP as income

1980-2003

-0.28

2.22

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US imports

Goods

SR

Matched expenditure and prices

1980-2003

-0.09

1.00

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US imports

Goods

LR

Matched expenditure and prices

1980-2003

0.10

1.63

Mann and PIOck (2005)

US imports

Goods

LR

Simple average of HS6 estimates

1988-2002

-3.39

ND

Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004)

US imports

Goods

LR

Median of HS6 estimates

1988-2002

-1.16

ND

Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004)

US imports

Goods

LR

Weighted average of HS6 estimates

1988-2002

-1.30

ND

Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004)

Goods and services = goods and services are considered; LR = long-run analysis; SR = short-run analysis; ND = no estimate made.

Notes: The US import price elasticity calculated from Cline (2005) is the weighted average (by US 2004 imports) of export price elasticity estimates for the 17 US partner countries. The US export price elasticities Calculatedfrom
Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga (2004) are the weighted average (by US 2004 exports) of import price elasticity estimates for the 17 US partner countries (excluding Taiwan).



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