The name is absent



12

similar fashion, Samuels (1999, 2003) shows that Brazilian deputies usually seek
subnational executive positions rather than staying in the House, in contrast to Ames'
(1987) and Geddes' (1994) statements. Altman and Chasquetti (2005) show that
significant proportions of legislators (30%) do not seek reelection in Uruguay. Instead,
they look for municipal and cabinet positions. Jones et al. (2002) find that Argentinean
legislators pursue and hold multiple offices and seldom develop stable legislative
careers. In such frameworks, becoming a federal representative may be an important
political position, but not necessarily the final stage of a political career. Finally,
Langston and Aparicio (2008) find that most Mexican legislators had a previous
subnational background and usually look for a state-level executive position after their
term. In spite of term limits, the subnational connection seems to be a powerful source of
political success.

In sum, variation in institutions, practices, and goals makes it tough to interpret
every single legislature with a purely U.S.-based scheme. The use of the causal
mechanisms developed for the American House is a valid research strategy for
comparative research, but it requires extreme theoretical and empirical accuracy.

Ambition in Multi-Ievel Systems

The recognition that ambition must not necessarily be static adds another
component to the analyses. In order to host some kind of progressive ambition, any
political system must involve (by definition, and at least) more than one level of
governance. How could progress be forged, otherwise? The first intuition is to think
about federal countries, where different levels necessarily coexist; however, not every
multi-tier system has to be federal (i.e. Colombia, Chile, Italy or Spain). Moreover, multi-



More intriguing information

1. Economic Evaluation of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), CHERE Working Paper 2007/6
2. The name is absent
3. LAND-USE EVALUATION OF KOCAELI UNIVERSITY MAIN CAMPUS AREA
4. The name is absent
5. Towards a Mirror System for the Development of Socially-Mediated Skills
6. Nonparametric cointegration analysis
7. Altruism with Social Roots: An Emerging Literature
8. Poverty transition through targeted programme: the case of Bangladesh Poultry Model
9. The name is absent
10. INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND GROUP PROCESSES
11. Multiple Arrhythmogenic Substrate for Tachycardia in a
12. The name is absent
13. The name is absent
14. Willingness-to-Pay for Energy Conservation and Free-Ridership on Subsidization – Evidence from Germany
15. Global Excess Liquidity and House Prices - A VAR Analysis for OECD Countries
16. American trade policy towards Sub Saharan Africa –- a meta analysis of AGOA
17. Antidote Stocking at Hospitals in North Palestine
18. Regional science policy and the growth of knowledge megacentres in bioscience clusters
19. Testing the Information Matrix Equality with Robust Estimators
20. The name is absent