The name is absent

Chapter 4

Figure 4.28 shows zeta potential of kaolinite in synthetic brine with or without
Ca/ Mg adding Na2CO3. Adding 6.0×10'⁴ M Na2CO3, pH of the brine increases
from 8.3 to 8.9. The blue dashed curve shows the calculated zeta potential of
kaolinite without Ca/ Mg. The red solid curve shows the calculated zeta potential
of kaolinite with Ca/ Mg, with equilibrium Ca²⁺ concentration calculated from
CaCO3 solubility product.

0        1         2        3        4        5        6

C (Na₂CO₃) (M)

x1θ"^t

Figure 4.28 Kaolinite zeta potential in synthetic brine adding Na2CO3, pH 8.3 - 8.9

In the brine without Ca/ Mg, zeta potential change of kaolinite is around 15
mV∕mM. In the brine with Ca/ Mg, zeta potential change of kaolinite is around 20

mV∕mM. The precipitation of Ca²⁺ ion can make kaolinite zeta potential more

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