The Response of Ethiopian Grain Markets to Liberalization

Table 7

Items	Routes
Items	Jimma Addis	Nekempt Addis	Shashemene Addis	Addis Mekele	Addis Harar
Distance (km)	346	327	251	783	526
Major grain in the route	Maize	Maize	Teff	Tef	Tef
Number of check points	12	8	10	10	18
Average time spent at each check point (minutes)	14.49	6.80	6.74	8.91	10.47
Total time spent at check points (minutes)	166.87	62.75	61.62	89.65	185.42
Total check point charges (birr/qt)	5.36	4.44	3.77	7.39	15.04
-Official	5.36	4.23	1.10	7.11	11.55
-Unofficial	0.00	0.21	2.67	0.28	3.49
Transport cost -bir/qt	9.20	14.20	6.80	30.00	20.80
-birr/qt/km	0.0266	0.0434	0.0271	0.0383	0.0395
Other costs (birr/qt)¹	5.07	5.07	5.07	5.07	5.07
Total cost (birr/qt)	19.63	23.71	15.64	42.46	40.91
Average price spread²__________________	21.00	16.50	11.50	37.28	48.63

Cereal check point charges and other transfer costs per quintal on selected
routes, August 1996

Source: GMRP survey data.

Note ¹The other costs include the charges for loading, unloading, broker fee and weighing
grain which are very standard across the routes studied. ² The average is taken from
January to August, 1996 for the grain indicated to be the major during the check point
survey.

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