11
In contrast, where it exists and is finite [i.e., for ("3 — #3)"3 < 0], the normalized
Marshallian choke price pw38sets Marshallian demand to zero, so is defined implicitly as
,8 w8 #!+!#5 P8
x3(p3 β p—3,z,?) œ ("3 — #3)e#p3 e 5≠3 + "3M8 ´ 0,
and simplifies to a form similar to (16),
w8w8!"
P3 œ P3 + #ln
M8
M X "
(17)
Access Value and Consumer's Surplus
Access value for good i is defined as the change in expenditure resulting from the price
change sp38pp38!; i.e.,
AV ´ /(s8β P83,z,?) — /(P80β P83,z,?)
(18)
´ /(s8β P83,z,?) — M.
Using the indirect utility function (3) evaluated at initial Prices p80 and M8 to identify
the utility index ?, the exPenditure function evaluated at the choke Price for good i is
8n 8 ∖ at ʌʃʌ Γ ^(s' n’° ^''!^4p4°
/(p3 β p83,z,?) œ )(p,M) ∙ — e#3(p3 p ’e 44
+ :M + e1'o+!wn! <e"3(P8—P8o)
(19)