Om Økonomi, matematik og videnskabelighed - et bud på provokation



formal principle and thus to interpret the problem and propose the remedy”,
Keynes (1935:98 og 107).

At den 0konomiske teori udvikles i et interdependent samspil med samfundsud-
viklingen turde være indlysende,8 om end korrespondancen mellem de to til ti-
der kan synes svagere end, hvad 0nskeligt er. Ofte har forskeren svært ved at
omstille sig, som Keynes sa rammende beskrev det i forordet til
The General
Theory
: ”The ideas which are here expressed so laboriously are extremely
simple and should be obvious. The difficulty lies, not in the new ideas, but in
escaping from the old ones, which ramify, for those brought up as most of us
have been, into every corner of our minds
”, Keynes (1936:xxiii).

Endelig kunne ogsa de potentielle problemer, der matte hidr0rer fra den udbred-
te formalisme i 0konomisk teori i f.eks. form af den stadig mere markante an-
vendelse af G.E.-modeller i relation til kernebegreberne
tid og ligevægt bringes
ind i diskussionen. Som fremhævet af Hicks (1979:41 og 46), der udg0r et klas-
sisk bidrag inden for denne genre, b0r man anerkende, at
^Economics is in time,
in a way that the natural sciences are not. All economic data are dated ... time
is a device which prevents everything from happening at once
”. 0konomisk ak-
tivitet, som f.eks. produktion og forbrug, er typisk tidskrævende processer. Me-
todologisk er det derfor ganske afg0rende om den 0konomiske analyse forl0ber
i metatid eller i historisk tid. Som papeget af eksempelvis Yndgaard (1999) ud-
g0r en belysning af konsekvenserne af den indeholdte tidsdimension og det an-
vendte ligevægtsbegreb i 0konomisk teori en ganske kompleks problemstilling
med mange svære erkendelsesmæssige sp0rgsmal og fa klare og simple svar.
Om samspillet mellem begreberne
tid og ligevægt giver Yndgaard (1999:14)
folgende rad til den metodologisk set kritiske læser af 0konomisk teori: ”...
he
should be on the alert whenever he meets an economist who works in the ap-
prently stringent tradition of mathematics. His methodological instruments are
most often imprecise and when he claims a result to be an equilibrium, without

8 Jf. Galbraith (1987:1-2): ”... economic ideas are always and intimately a product of their time
and place; they cannot be seen apart frem the world they interpret. And that world changes -
is indeed, in a constant process of transformation - so economic ideas, if they are to retain
relevance, must also change”.

12



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