The name is absent



Table 7

(a) Probit estimates of marginal effects evaluated at the means of explanatory variables: those who thought that immigration would depress wages on average

EU

AT

DE

DK

ES

FI

FR

GR

IE

IT

LU

NL

PT

SE

UK

employ

-0.043

-0.448 ***

-0.092

0.088

-0.197

-0.019

-0.009

-0.019

-0.083

0.061

0.338

0.188

0.106

0.237

-0.218

0.055

0.161

0.147

0.294

0.155

0.158

0.158

0.025

0.104

0.370

0.187

0.186

0.052

0.373

0.213

employ x isb

0.038

0.250 **

0.025

-0.089

0.061

0.023

0.085

0.018

0.133

0.011

-0.454 *

-0.115

-0.086 *

-0.228

0.210

0.042

0.126

0.131

0.219

0.107

0.137

0.094

0.019

0.128

0.312

0.265

0.202

0.044

0.213

0.206

unemploy

0.117 **

0.099

0.040

-0.570

0.271 *

-0.091

0.244 **

-0.080

-0.058

-0.631 ***

0.326

0.055

0.114

0.143

0.055

0.194

0.130

0.113

0.102

0.130

0.084

0.122

0.282

0.069

0.064

0.184

0.353

0.180

unemploy x isb

-0.025

-0.073

0.053

1.011

-0.146 **

0.122

-0.155 **

0.047

0.060

1.413 ***

-0.412

-0.174

-0.236

-0.195

0.043

0.183

0.087

0.691

0.073

0.084

0.065

0.035

0.263

0.328

0.349

0.140

0.222

0.202

isb

0.004

0.025

-0.015

-0.133

0.016

-0.083 **

0.024

0.004

-0.097 **

-0.103

0.265 ***

0.026

0.026

0.015

-0.065

0.013

0.038

0.033

0.081

0.029

0.039

0.021

0.004

0.047

0.177

0.098

0.057

0.020

0.048

0.061

relinc

-0.004

-0.015

0.007

-0.023

0.035

-0.024

-0.019

0.001

-0.014

-0.073

-0.073

0.016

0.025 ***

0.094 **

0.000

0.009

0.011

0.025

0.059

0.022

0.020

0.016

0.008

0.027

0.045

0.071

0.047

0.009

0.041

0.020

ed0

0.100 *

0.218

t

t

0.138

-0.174

0.041

0.012

0.204

-0.012

0.245

-0.012

0.046

f(2)

f(1)

0.049

0.099

0.095

0.136

0.109

0.037

0.160

0.163

0.195

0.263

0.105

ed1

0.054 **

0.024

0.128 **

0.303 ***

0.064

0.002

0.028

0.014

0.068

-0.023

0.040

0.047

-0.094 ***

0.149

-0.002

0.026

0.049

0.055

0.059

0.079

0.037

0.062

0.025

0.049

0.118

0.088

0.049

0.017

0.094

0.039

ed3

-0.142 ***

-0.066

-0.052

-0.170 **

-0.001

-0.065 ***

-0.241 ***

-0.092 ***

-0.054

-0.103

-0.151

-0.142 *

-0.162 *

-0.090

-0.286 ***

0.036

0.134

0.052

0.083

0.110

0.017

0.035

0.040

0.088

0.244

0.126

0.087

0.089

0.121

0.068

media

-0.010

0.005

-0.009

0.017

0.036

0.000

-0.018

-0.003

0.010

-0.087 *

0.021

0.005

-0.012

0.014

-0.022

0.009

0.040

0.022

0.038

0.032

0.021

0.026

0.012

0.020

0.051

0.021

0.024

0.027

0.025

0.014

friend1

-0.122 ***

0.000

-0.143 ***

0.037

-0.185 **

-0.132 **

-0.135 ***

-0.033

-0.006

-0.211 *

0.029

-0.059

-0.157 ***

0.026

-0.019

0.019

0.073

0.026

0.075

0.077

0.064

0.051

0.021

0.059

0.106

0.103

0.072

0.066

0.084

0.047

friend2

-0.144 ***

-0.324 ***

-0.139 ***

-0.315 ***

-0.140

-0.197 **

-0.142 *

-0.061

-0.135 *

-0.311

0.007

-0.173 *

-0.265 **

0.115

-0.016

0.033

0.083

0.040

0.096

0.114

0.094

0.081

0.054

0.066

0.171

0.112

0.095

0.136

0.075

0.089

racist

0.088 ***

0.008

0.101 ***

0.100 **

-0.138 ***

-0.016

0.073

0.000

0.091 **

0.199 ***

-0.097 *

0.198 ***

0.074 **

0.151 ***

0.144 ***

0.018

0.064

0.033

0.044

0.027

0.023

0.053

0.019

0.036

0.077

0.058

0.053

0.037

0.049

0.035

citizen

0.083

0.357 *

0.238 ***

-0.283 *

f(5)

0.263 ***

-0.078

0.167 *

-0.059

f(1)

0.264 **

-0.008

0.089

-0.235

0.032

0.055

0.211

0.066

0.121

0.080

0.098

0.106

0.103

0.110

0.219

0.181

0.318

0.195

ethnic

-0.092 *

0.055

-0.186 *

0.195

-0.080

-0.214

0.001

-0.093 ***

0.186

t

-0.302 **

0.073

s(4)

0.388

-0.095

0.048

0.089

0.093

0.233

0.130

0.183

0.161

0.027

0.342

0.133

0.105

0.450

0.082

fparent

-0.140 ***

0.142 **

0.027

0.041

0.201 **

-0.058

-0.251 ***

-0.093 ***

0.146

-0.438 *

0.009

-0.057

-0.008

-0.077

-0.245 ***

0.043

0.051

0.055

0.120

0.073

0.057

0.075

0.041

0.102

0.138

0.100

0.105

0.182

0.099

0.078

female

0.023

0.023

-0.038

-0.087

0.007

-0.021

0.093 **

-0.023

0.005

0.154 **

0.056

0.011

0.048

0.036

0.015

0.018

0.049

0.030

0.066

0.049

0.038

0.041

0.023

0.043

0.073

0.082

0.059

0.051

0.059

0.044

age

0.001 *

0.002

0.001 **

0.000

0.000

0.005 ***

0.002

0.001 ***

-0.002 *

0.003

-0.001

-0.002 *

0.005 ***

-0.002

0.000

0.000

0.002

0.000

0.003

0.002

0.001

0.002

0.000

0.001

0.004

0.002

0.001

0.001

0.003

0.001

log pseudolikelihood

-3881.680

-198.120

-483.073

-140.281

-156.771

-381.804

-320.874

-340.813

-338.247

-85.535

-143.813

-218.326

-225.448

-118.934

-333.964

McFadden's (1974) LRI

0.095

0.104

0.051

0.118

0.074

0.070

0.104

0.101

0.032

0.171

0.104

0.065

0.105

0.099

0.121

R2p

0.169

0.071

0.148

0.142

0.178

0.066

0.248

-0.016

0.023

0.236

0.100

-0.023

0.000

0.052

0.153

Sum of PCP

1.279

1.236

1.193

1.217

1.254

1.151

1.290

1.047

1.093

1.267

0.189

1.076

1.119

1.101

1.257

obs.

6311.000

375.000

735.000

231.000

259.000

656.000

519.000

1007.000

517.000

149.000

233.000

362.000

423.000

242.000

590.000

t All non-missing observations are 0, and the corresponding variable is dropped in estimation.

s(n) n observations predict success perfectly, and the corresponding variable and the n observations are dropped in estimation.
f(n) n observations predict failure perfectly, and the corresponding variable and the n observations are dropped in estimation.

∆ The variable is dropped in estimation due to perfect multicollinearity without 4 perfectly predicting observations: see Stata reference, technical notes on "logit", pp.98-101 (second case).

* 10%   ** 5%   *** 1%

The three goodness-of-fit measures are described in Verbeek (2004: 194-197). Sum of PCP is the sum of the proportions of correct predictions for anti = 1 and anti = 0.

Sampling weights provided by ESS are applied in maximum likelihood estimation.

For EU, a further weight adjustment is made to reflect the population size of each country.

Estimated standard errors are based on the assumption that observations are not necessarily independent within each region of a country, but are independent across regions of the country.

For EU, 13 country dummies are included with UK being the reference.



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