5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

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Deployment

The results of Independent t-tests detailed in Table 4.3.4 and Figure 4.3.5 below showed
that 5^th grade teachers were more likely to deploy Practical work, Whole-class discussion
and Group discussion than 8^th grade teachers. Overall, the most deployed methods as
perceived by teachers were Teacher explanation, Individual work and Individual help.

Table 4.3.4: Comparison between teac

hers of both teaching

; deployment

Figure 4.3.5: Comparison between teachers of both teaching age groups; deployment

PW = Practical work, UC = Using a ∞mputer, RT= Reading a textbook, TE = Teacher explanation,
IW = Individual work, IH = Individual help, WD = Whole-class discussion, GD = Group discussion

Summary

Overall the comparisons showed that 5^,h grade teachers reported more frequent
deployment of Practical work, Whole-class discussion and Group discussion. They were
more likely to perceive that these teaching methods promoted pupils’ positive attitudes
than 8^th grade teachers. They were also more likely to perceive that:

• Practical work promoted enjoyment and sense of security;

• Whole-class discussion promoted motivation;

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