5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

139

textbook, Whole-class discussion and Group discussion were deployed more frequently
than 8^th graders perceived.

Table 4.3.13: Comparison between 5^th and 8^th graders: deployment (1)

		5^lh graders			8^lh graders__
		N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD
Practical Work_______	t=36.409, dt=2356.045, Sig. <.01	1476	2.41	.92	2142	1.42	.61
Using Computer	t=7.543, df=2783.661, Sig. <.01	І473	Из	∏0	^-2143	∏4	∏7
Reading Textbooks	t=10.558, df= 3464.609, Sig. <.01	І473	І4Ї	^-97	2136	∏	1.15
Whole-class Discussion	t=39.511, df=2803.447, Sig. <.01	1459	^126	По	2128	∏6	∏4
Group Discussion	t=29.930, df=2772.860, Sig. <.01	1463	І4І	.92	2124	Из	∏7

The results of Independent t-tests outlined in Table 4.3.14 and Figure 4.3.10 show that
8^th graders were more likely to perceive that their teachers deployed Teacher
explanation, Individual work and Individual help than 5^th graders. There were significant
differences between 5^th and 8^th graders in the perceptions of deployment of all teaching
methods.

Table 4.3.14: Comparison between 5^th and 8^th graders: deployment (2)

		5^lh graders______			8^№ graders________________________
		N_______	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD
Teacher explanation	t= 11.108, df=3077.741, Sig. <.01	1467	3.61	1.05	2134	4.00	1.01
Individual work_____	t= 10.767, df=2933.929, Sig. <.01	1467	І48	loo і	2134	∏4	∏0
Individual help______	t= 7.485, df=3272.932, Sig. <.01	1472	2.84	Из	2134	IiO	Из

Figure 4.3.10: Comparison between 5^th and 8^th graders: deployment

PW = Practical work, UC = Using a ∞mputer, RT= Reading a textbook, TE = Teacher explanation,
IW = Individual work, IH = Individual help, WD = Whole-class discussion, GD = Group discussion

More intriguing information

1. The name is absent
2. From music student to professional: the process of transition
3. Group cooperation, inclusion and disaffected pupils: some responses to informal learning in the music classroom
4. The name is absent
5. Creating a 2000 IES-LFS Database in Stata
6. The Cost of Food Safety Technologies in the Meat and Poultry Industries.
7. The growing importance of risk in financial regulation
8. Equity Markets and Economic Development: What Do We Know
9. The name is absent
10. Dual Track Reforms: With and Without Losers