INDEX

71, 73-4, 114-15 : king’s bur-
gesses, list of, 73-4 ; custom of
burgesses, 87 ; poor burgesses,
64, 88 ; commendation ?, 92 ;
the burgage, 215 n. ɪ ; borough
account, 124-5 ; communal (?)
property, 129 ; mediatized, 155 ;
farm, 152, 154, 156, 178-9, 188 ;
councils, 322-3, 333-5 ; auditors
(later aidermen), 334 ; justices
of the peace, 335, See Lexden.
Colombières, Phil, de, 61 n. 5.
Commendation by A.-S. burgesses,
89-90, 92.

Committees, electoral. See Election,
double.

Communa, communia, commune, com-
munitas, (ɪ) Community, any
established group of men, 221,
240, 242-3 (of vill).

(2) the poorer majority of such a
group, 241 n. 3.

Commune, the sworn : on the Con-
tinent, 159-61 ; the London com-
munie of 1141, 161 ; Henry II
and the Commune, 162, 176-7
(Gloucester, York) ; c. of Lon-
don, 1191, ι8ι-3, 251-2 ; general,
234, 237, 251-2, 264.

Sworn military communes (1205),
253-5 : ɪɪɪ Normandy, 256 ;
major commune, 254.

Influence of foreign commune in
England, 264-5, 290-301, 347.

Communitas, commune (ɪ) borough
community, body of burgesses,
corporation, 234, 237-8, 240-6.
See Assembly, Council, Election ;
in France, 246-7.

(2) body of unofficial burgesses,
Communarii, minor commune,
commonalty, 243-7, 3^o5^9∙ 3iL
313. 324. 33i-6. 338-

In France, 246-7.

(3) majority contrasted with a
small oligarchical class of bur-
gesses, 243.

Compotus ciυitatis, 124.

Congleton [co. Chester], liber burgus,
216.

Congregatio, convocatio. See As-
sembly.

Consilium, commune, 312.
Constables, military (1205), 253-4.

Ofthepeace (1242, 1252, 1285), 253
n. 4, 356.

Constabularies, wards at Lynn, 325.
Conway [co. Caernarvon], liberties of,

203 ; seal, 239 n. 4.

Corbett, W. J., on the Burghal
Hidage, 16. See also 292 n. 3

Cornhill, Henry of, 182.

Coroners, borough, 48 n. 2, 204, 250,
258 n. i, 270-1.

Cotes [by Warwick], 142.

Cottars (coscez), 86. See also Bor-
ders.

Councils (ɪ) early town, 234-5, 240,
264-301 ; nature of, 280-5 î
origin of : Maitland's theory,
286-90 ; Round’s view, 292-4 ;
limits of foreign influence, 291-2,
294-6, 348 ; Dr. Stephenson on,
299-301 ; lists of, 281, 337.

(2) Supplementary common, 247,
281, 310-30, list of, 337; meeting-
places, 329 ; procedure, 329-30.

(3) Single common, 330-6.

Courts, borough, 38-66, 200, 204,
206-7, 249-5°, 286-90, 341.353-4;
meeting-places, 63 ». 2. See
also District, Five boroughs,
Folkmoot (London), Husting,
Leet, Portmoot, and Borough.

Coutances, Walter of, chancellor,
182.

Coventry [co. Warwick], 25 ; incor-
poration, 238, 240 ; common
council, 326, 329 ». 3 ; court
leet, 326 ». 2.

Cricklade [Wilts], 18 ». 6, 50 ». 3, 51,
55∙

Culcitra, coverlet, 109.

Custom from borough fields, 114-16,
129. See Landmol.

Customs, tenure by, in boroughs,
86-99 ! 100, ^io4, i°9, ¹²7∙
and burgage tenure, 96-108.

in French bourgs, 109-10.

“ servile,” late survival of, 84, 98,
105 n. 6, 135.

Custos, keeper, 151-2. Cf. 326.
Custumarii, Iiberi. See Chester.

Danegeld, in boroughs, 47, 76, 77
n. 1, 123, 343.

Danelaw, 36, 44, 65 ; boroughs, 118,
131-2, 137.

Danes, invasions of, 15 ; reconquests
from, 24 ; later invasions, 31,
39∙

Democracy, burghal, 302-3, 338.
See Common councils.

Derby, 25, 69, 71 n. 2, 75 n. 5 ;
minor burgesses, 87.

INDEX

Devise of land, 103-4, 105 n. 5, 134,
204. 355-

Devizes, Rich, of, on the sworn
commune, 221, 251-2, 297.

District courts centred in boroughs.
See Chadwick and Danelaw.

in burhs. See Folkmoot.

Domesday Book, 7, 9, 18, 26 n. ι, 30,
.43 ЭД-

Little, 79.

Doomsmen, 287-8, 300 n. 3. See
Judges and Judicatores.

Dorchester [Dorset], 18 n. 3, 29, 33,
50 n. 3, 52-3, 55-6, 71.

Dover, freedom from toll, 117, 127 ;
Gihalla, 119 ; Fership, 121 n. 2 ;
hundred, 49 ; sake and soke for
ship-service, 125-6 ; farm, 148,
151, 156, 171 ; barons, 260-1 ;
jurats of court, 261.

Camperyan, Arnald of, baron of,
261.

Drayton Basset [Staffs.], 83.

Drogheda [Louth], grant of mayor,
298.

Drogheda [Meath], granted in free
burgage, 215-16.

Drogheda [Louth and Meath], Iiberi
burgi, 201.

Droitwich, A.-S. Saltwich [co. Wor-
cester], ɪo n. 3, 13, 20, 22, 65 n.
I, 83 ; farm, 184.

Dublin, fee farm, 185-6,276; mayor,
275 ; early council, 275, 292 ;
provostry, 185.

Ducking stool, 208.

Dunwich [Suffolk], and Blythburgh
hundred, 58-9 ; growth, ιo66-86,
95-6, 117, mediatized, 140;
farm, 184 ; liber burgus, 197 ;
liberum burgagium, 216.

Durham, 87, 98, 140 ; chart, of
bp. Puiset, 213.

Dyers, 232 n. i.

Earl, Anglo-Saxon, third penny of,
in boroughs, 30, 49, 57, 59, 61
n. 5> 64-5, 88> ¹4¹^9 ; reeve of,
144.

Anglo-Norman, 149.

Eavesdrip, ɪɪ, 12.

Edgar, king, 28, 32, 35, 38-9 n. 2,
40-3. 54. 6°∙

Edith, Queen, 94-5 ; dower towns,
140, 145 ; death, 151.

Edward the Elder, king, ι6, 17, 24,
27.

З63

Edward X, 49, 201-5.

Edward II, 307-9.

Egbert, king of Kent, 7.

Egremont, reactionary charter of,
84, 98, 105 и. 6.

Election, communal, in English
boroughs, 295-6.

double, 271, 319-20, 324-5, 332-4,
335-6∙

Elemosynae Constitutae, 154.

Elvet [by Durham], 207 n. I.

Equités, 81.

Ethelfled, daughter of Alfred, joint
founder of Worcester burh, 20,
24, ι6 n. 4, 17, 24.

Ethelred, aiderman of Mercia, 16, 17,
19, 20, 23.

Ethelred II, king, 37, 118, 124.
Ethelwerdus, Fabius, 29 n.

Évreux [France, Eure], 256.

Exeter, burhwitan of, 31, 42, 82,
124 ; 50, 55, 71 nn. i, 2 ;
landgable, 90-2 ; mortgages,
ιo2 ; baker’s custom, 109 n. 4 ;
fields, 114-15, 118; gelding
privilege, 127 ; third penny,
149 n. 2. See Edith, Queen ;
farm, 184, 237 ; grant of land
to St. Nicholas’s priory, 227 ;
gild merchant, 227, 249, 349 ;
stewards, 249,332; early council,
331-2 ; single common council,
332-3 ; second common council,
333 ; electoral committee, 332-3.