Table 6. Probit Regressions of Affect on Income: World Values Survey & Gallup World Poll
Probit coefficients
Affect |
Percent reporting |
Between-country |
Within-country |
World Values Survey: Bradburn Affect Balance Scale | |||
“During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...?” | |||
Measures of positive affect | |||
Pleased |
70.5% |
**0.294** |
***0.140*** |
(0.150) |
(0.012) | ||
Proud |
40.8% |
***0.493*** |
***0.084*** |
(0.179) |
(0.011) | ||
Excited or interested |
53.2% |
0.054 |
***0.164*** |
(0.124) |
(0.011) | ||
On top of the world |
35.1% |
***0.538*** |
***0.071*** |
(0.186) |
(0.011) | ||
Things going your way 49.6% |
0.148 |
***0.206*** | |
(0.155) |
(0.011) | ||
Total positive (sum) |
2.50 |
**0.571** |
***0.234*** |
(s.d. 1.54) |
(0.251) |
(0.011) | |
Measures of negative affect | |||
Bored |
23.4% |
-0.223* |
***-0.129*** |
(0.120) |
(0.012) | ||
Upset/criticized |
17.8% |
***-0.157*** |
-0.050 |
(0.059) |
(0.013) | ||
Restless |
30.3% |
-0.112 |
***-0.092*** |
(0.095) |
(0.011) | ||
Lonely |
17.0% |
-0.160 |
***-0.205*** |
(0.118) |
(0.013) | ||
Depressed |
20.6% |
-0.102 |
***-0.173*** |
(0.117) |
(0.012) | ||
Total negative (sum) |
1.14 |
-0.182 |
***-0.188*** |
(s.d. 1.30) |
(0.135) |
(0.012) | |
Net affect balance |
1.36 |
***0.876*** |
***0.421*** |
(total positive-total negative) |
(s.d. 1.97) |
(0.201) |
(0.017) |
Gallup World Poll, 2006 | |||
“Did you experience the following feelings during a |
lot of the day yesterday?” | ||
Enjoyment |
72.0 |
^M**0.154*** |
■*0.187*** |
(0.021) |
(0.007) | ||
Physical pain |
26.7 |
***-0.125*** |
***-0.139*** |
(0.015) |
(0.007) | ||
Worry |
34.6 |
0.009 |
***-0.123*** |
(0.020) |
(0.007) | ||
Sadness |
21.7 |
***-0.040*** |
***-0.181*** |
(0.015) |
(0.007) | ||
Boredom |
23.9 |
*-0.036* |
***-0.120*** |
(0.019) |
(0.007) | ||
Depression |
14.7 |
***-0.094*** |
***-0.182*** |
(0.023) |
(0.008) | ||
Anger |
19.8 |
-0.021 |
***-0.072*** |
(0.017) |
(0.007) | ||
Love |
66.3 |
0.050 |
***0.128*** |
(0.029) |
(0.007) |
Tables—8