5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

satisfaction

Enjoyment____________

Motivation

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N____

IVI_________

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H__

1138

2.82

1.35

1135

2.73

1.30

1131

2.60

1.23

1131

2.82

1.27

1129

1.48

.62

_L__

843

2.83

1.37

841

2.58

1.26

840

2.44

1.15

839

2.65

1.22

840

1.34

.58

t=-.184, df=1979, p>.05

t= 2.468, df=1974_l

p<.05__________________

t= 3.022, df=1969,
p<.01__

t= 3.058, df=1968,
p<.01 ________

t= 5.146, df=1870.210,
p<.01   _______

UC

H

1137

2.97

1.50

1133

2.83

1.36

1129

2.57

1.26

1129

2.52

1.19

1131

1.42

.73

_L__

843

3.21

1.53

841

3.00

1.44

839

2.68

1.31

837

2.67

1.26

839

1.27

.60

t=3.471, df=1791.387,

p<.01           _______

t=-2.633, df=1972, p<.0

t= 1.924, df=1966,
p>.05

t=-2.731, df=1964,
p<.01

t= 5.008, df=1944.876,
p<.01

RT

~H~~

1138

2.74

1.20

1131

2.59

1.20

1132

2.92

1.24

1131

3.32

1.24

1129

3.11

1.12

_L__

842

2.43

1.15

838

2.27

1.12

839

2.62

1.23

837

2.94

1.24

833

2.93

1.19

t= 5.870, df=1978, p<.01

t= 6.012, df=1863.504,
p<.01

t= 5.286, df=1808.626,
p<.01 ______

t= 6.791, df=1966,
p<.01

t=3.391, df=1960, p<.01

TE

H

1138

3.66

1.13

1135

3.48

1.16

1131

3.68

1.14

1131

4.03

1.00

1126

4.06

.98

_L__

843

3.01

1.27

840

2.81

1.20

840

3.13

1.27

838

3.58

1.16

836

3.97

1.03

t= 12.058, df=1979,
p<.01__________________

t= 12.540, df=1973,
p<.01__________________

t= 9.882, df=1695.996, p∙

t= 8.884, df=1642.743,
p<.01__________________

t= 1.831, df=1960,
p>.05__________________

IW

H

1138

3.42

1.22

1135

3.51

1.26

1131

3.72

1.22

1131

3.93

1.11

1126

3.86

.87

J.__

843

2.99

1.28

840

3.13

1.27

840

3.42

1.31

839

3.63

1.20

836

3.83

.93

t= 7.465, df=1979,
p<.01__

t= 6.525, df=1973,
p<.01__

t= 5.254, df=1733.318,
p<.01__

t= 5.831, df=1728.853,

p<.01__________________

t=.785, df=1735.678, p>.

IH

H

1138

3.11

1.29

1135

3.39

1.33

1130

3.63

1.29

1131

4.11

1.10

1125

3.29

1.07

_L__

843

2.81

1.33

841

3.11

1.36

840

3.37

1.35

838

3.94

1.20

837

2.88

1.09

t=-5.057, df=1782.607,
_p<.01

t= 4.641, df=1974,
D<.01

t= 4.244, df=1968,

p<.01   ______

t= 3.224, df=1708.718,

p<.01__

t= 8.217, df=1960,
p<.01__________________

WD

H

1138

2.63

1.22

1135

2.58

1.19

1130

2.52

1.13

1131

2.63

1.15

1123

1.99

.99

_L__

843

2.42

1.19

841

2.32

1.17

840

2.27

1.14

839

2.37

1,14

833

1.69

.84

t=-3.758, df=1979,
p<.01

t= 4.823, df=1974,
p<.01

t= 4.802, df=1968, p<.01

t= 5.121, df=1968, p<.01

t= 7.160, df=1954, p<.01

GD

H

1138

2.77

1.28

1134

2.78

1.26

1130

2.66

1.20

1130

2.70

1.16

1121

1.62

.83

_L__

843

2.72

1.34

841

2.56

1.29

838

2.48

1.20

839

2.52

1.20

830

1.42

.69

t= .833, df=1770.113,

p>.05__________________

t= 3.757, df=1973,
p<.01_________________

t= 3.414, df=1966,
p<.01__________________

t= 3.486, df=1771.332,
p<.01__________________

t= 5.760, p=1916.946,
p<.01__________________