5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment _______

Motivation         ____

Sense Ofsecurity

Sense of progress

Deployment__

N

M___

SD

N___

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

990

2.93

1.36

988

2.84

1.28

987

2.66

1.19

985

2.86

1.21

983

1.46

.62

L

971

2.74

1.37

968

2.51

1.28

966

2.43

1.20

967

2.65

1.29

966

1.37

.58

t=3.083, df=1959,
p<.01

t=5.671, df=1954,
p<.01 ______

t=4.182, df=1951, p<.01

t=3.635, df=1936.861, p<

t=3.524, df=1941.932,

p<.01__

UC

H

989

3.11

1.51

986

2.98

1.38

984

2.68

1.28

983

2.62

1.20

984

1.37

.68

J_z__

971

3.04

1.51

968

2.83

1.41

966

2.54

1.27

965

2.54

1.23

966

1.34

.68

t=1.074, df=1958, p>.05

t=2.349, df=1952, p<.05

t=2.307, df=1948,
p<.05__

t=1.482, df=1946,
p>.05__________________

t=.918, df=1948,
p>.05__________________

RT

^TΓ~

989

2.69

1.16

983

2.57

1.18

988

2.91

1.21

985

3.29

1.22

982

3.15

1.12

L

971

2.53

1.20

966

2.34

1.16

965

2.69

1.27

965

3.04

1.27

960

2.92

1.17

t=2.983, df=1958, p<.01

t=4.478, df=1947, p<.01

t=3.941, df=1941.558,

p<.01 ______

t=4.331, df=1948,
p<.01__

t=4.289, df=1940, p<.01

TE

H

990

3.53

1.18

988

3.36

1.17

987

3.62

1.17

984

3.99

1.01

980

4.11

.93

J_z__

971

3.25

1.27

967

3.04

1.25

966

3.28

1.25

967

3.72

1.14

963

3.94

1.06

t=5.077, df=1959,
p<.01

t=5.870, df=1953, p<.01

t=6.130, df=1951, p<.01

t=5.477, df=1912.829,

p<.01__

t=3.811, df=1899.450, p<

IW

~H~~

990

3.30

1.23

987

3.42

1.26

987

3.71

1.21

985

3.89

1.13

980

3.86

.88

J_z__

971

3.16

1.30

968

3.26

1.30

966

3.48

1.31

966

3.72

1.18

962

3.83

.92

t=2.566, df=1959, p<.05

t=2.691, df=1953, p<.01

t=4.153, df=1933.090,

p<.01__________________

t=3.332, df=1942.514, p<

t=.626, df=1940,
p>.05__________________

IH

~i^zΓ~

990

3.07

1.27

988

3.38

1.31

986

3.65

1.27

984

4.13

1.07

982

3.27

1.05

J_z__

971

2.90

1.34

968

3.17

1.39

966

3.40

1.36

967

3.96

1,20

959

2.97

1.11

t=2.772, df=1950.528, p<

t=3.363, df=1954, p<.01

t=4.097, df=1934.164,

p<.01 ______

t=3.307, df=1918.763,

p<.01__________________

t=5.935, df=1939, p<.01

WD

H

990

2.71

1.23

988

2.67

1.20

986

2.57

1.15

985

2.65

1.14

978

1.97

.99

J_z__

971

2.38

1.17

968

2.27

1,14

966

2.25

1.11

967

2.40

1.16

958

1.77

.87

t=6.075, df=1959, p<.01

t=7.536, df=1954,

p<.01__

t=6.259, df=1950, p<.01

t=4.846, df=1947.125, p<

t=4.517, df=1934, p<.01

GD

H

990

2.90

1.29

987

2.89

1.27

985

2.76

1.19

985

2.74

1.15

974

1.59

.81

J_z___

971

2.59

1.30

968

2.48

1.24

965

2.41

1.18

966

2.51

1.20

957

1.48

.74

t=5.195,df=1957.151,

p<.01__________________

t=7.253, df=1953, p<.01

t=6.515, df=1948,
p<.01__________________

t=4.450, df=1939.784,

p<.01__________________

t=3.331,df=1918.195, p<