5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation_______________

Sense of security

Senseofprogress

Deployment

N

M

SD

N

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H__

992

2.85

1.37

988

2.68

1.28

987

2.53

1.20

988

2.78

1.26

984

1.45

.64

_L___

991

2.81

1.35

989

2.66

1.29

986

2.55

1.20

984

2.74

1.24

987

1.40

.57

t=.647, df=1981,
p>.05__________________

t= .449, df=1975, p>.05

t=-.386, df=1971,

p>.05__

t=.647, df=1970,
p>.05

t=1.826,
df=1941.552, p>.05

UC

H

992

3.11

1.54

988

2.96

1.41

987

2.68

1.31

986

2.63

1.24

985

1.32

.65

L

991

3.03

1.48

988

2.86

1.37

984

2.56

1.24

983

2.55

1.20

987

1.39

.70

t= 1.114, df=1978.654, p:

t= 1.551, df=1974, p>.05

t =2.174, df=1969,
p<.05

t= 1.574, df=1967, p>.05

t=-2.002,
df=1961.642, p<.05

RT

ɪɪ

992

2.53

1.17

986

2.36

1.17

986

2.68

1.22

986

3.06

1.27

982

2.96

1.13

_L___

990

2.71

1.20

984

2.56

1.18

987

2.91

1.25

984

3.25 і

1.23 .

983

3.12

1.16

t=-3.422, df=1980,
p<.01__________________

t = -3.680, df=1968,
p<.01__

t=-4.220, df=1971,
p<.01_____

t=-3.321, df=1968,
p<.01

t = -3.162,
df=1961.695₂-P<.01

TE

H

992

3.30

1.26

987

3.11

1.24

987

3.34

1.23

988

3.75

1.14

980

3.93

1.05

_L___

991

3.46

1.21

989

3.29

1.19

986

3.53

1.21

983

3.92

1.04

985

4,12

.95

t = -2.826, df=1981,

p<.01__________________

t=-3.417, df=1974, p<.C

t=-3.492, df=1971, p<.0

t= - 3.387,
df=1953.735, p<..01

t=-4.181,
df=1941.754, p<.01

IW

H

992

3.08

1.28

988

3.17

1.31

987

3.45

1.31

988

3.66

1.23

983

3.79

.95

L___

991

3.39

1.23

988

3.51

1.23

986

3.76

1.20

984

3.94

1.07

981

3.91

.84

t=- 5.460, df=1981,
p<.01__________________

t = -5.971, df=1974, p<.0

t= - 5.436,
df=1957.264, p<.01

t= - 5.322,
df=1937.660, p<.01

t= - 3.037,
df=1930.491, p<.01

IH

H

992

2.96

1.36

988

3.25

1.40

987

3.52

1.33

987

4.02

1.17

980

3.10

1.11

L

991

2.99

1.27

989

3.28

1.31

985

3.51

1.32

984 ,

4.04 .

1.13

985

3.13

1.08

t= - .393,
df=1972.636, p>.05

t = -.361,
df= 1965.965, p>.05

t= .135, df=1970,
p>.05

t= - .432, df=1969, p>.05

t= - .626, df=1963,
p>.05__

WD

H

992

2.55

1.21

988

2.49

1.18

987

2.42

1.15

988

2.48

1.15

981

1.86

.94

L___

991

2.54

1.20

989

2.45

1.18

985

2.42

1.12

984

2.56

1.15

977

1.88

.94

t=.194, df=1981,
p>.05

t =.695, df=1975,
p>.05 _____ ____

t= .003, df=1970.

p>.05__________________

t=-1.527, df=1970,
p>.05__________________

t= -.325, df=1956,
p>.05__________________

GD

H

992

2.77

1.33

988

2.75

1.30

985

2.60

1.22

987

2.62

1.19

975

1.56

.79

L___

991

2.71

1.27

988

2.62

1.24

985

2.56

1.17

984

2.63

1.16

978

1.51

.75

t= 1.091, df=1981,
p>.05__________________

t= 2.306, df=1974,
p<.05__________________

t= .773, df=1968,
p>.05__________________

t=-.074, df=1969,
p>.05__________________

t= 1.658, df=1951,
p>.05__________________