5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation _________

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N____

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

668

3.24

1.32

668

3.20

1.34

666

3.10

1.34

666

3.33

1.33

666

2.37

.89

J_z__

723

3.35

1.35

723

3.34

1.34

719

3.27

1.27

720

3.44

1.30

722

2.46

.93

T=-1.617, df=1389,
p>.05_______

t=-1.946, df=1389,
d>.05

t=-2.518, df=1383,
p<.05

T=-1.497, df=1384,
p>.05

t=-1.695, df=1386,
p>.05

UC

H

668

3.40

1.58

668

3.40

1.52

666

3.17

1.50

665

3.21

1.42

664

1.49

.79

J___

722

3.22

1.54

721

3.26

1.48

719

3.00

1.42

717

3.00

1.32

722

1.61

.83

t= 2.071, df=1388, p<.05

t= 1.781, df=1387,
j)>.05

t= 2.232,
df=1360.947, p<.05

t= 2.904,
df=1348.735, p<.01

t=-2.696,
df=1382.105_rp<.05

RT

H

665

2.75

1.16

666

2.70

1.29

663

2.92

1.37

664

3.31

1.40

664

3.33

.96

J-__

722

2.94

1.18

722

2.85

1.26

720

3.00

1.29

721

3.53

1.29

721

3.46

.97

t=-3.005, df=1385,
p<.01__

t=-2.203, df=1386,
p<.05________ ________

t=-1.098,
Df=1353.497, p>.05

t=-3.067,
df=1346.995, p<.01

t=-2.509, df=1383,
p<.05__________________

TE

H

667

3.26

1.25

668

3.17

1.32

666

3.29

1.32

666

3.73

1.27

662

3.57

1.05

J_z__

723

3.56

1.20

723

3.43

1.20

719

3.45

1.21

720

3.92

1.12

717

3.65

1,04

t=-4.583, df=1388,
p<.01          ________

t=-3.948,
df=1348.668, p<.01_____

t=-2.315,
df=1346.944, p<.05

t-2.958,
df=1331.515, p<.01

t=-1.402, df=1377,
p>.05__________________

IW

H

668

2.90

1.35

668

2.98

1.43

666

3.11

1.41

666

3.45

1.38

663

3.46

1.00

J_z___

723

2.92

1.30

723

3.07

1.37

720

3.24

1.36

722

3.49

1.28

717

3.49

1.01

t= - .340,
df=1368.444, p>.05_____

t=-1.214,
df=1368.479, p>.05

t=-1.850, df=1384,
p>.05__________________

T= - .559,
Df=1352.766, p>.05

t=-.566, df=1378, p>.05

IH

H

666

2.41

1.24

668

2.55

1.38

666

2.71

1.39

666

3.14

1.43

664

2.83

1.07

J-__

720

2.46

1.22

721

2.65

1.32

719

2.78

1.36

722

3.26

1.34

721

2.85

1.00

t=-.754, df=1384,
p>.05

t=-1.318, df=1387,
_p>.05 ____

t= - .949, df=1383, p>.05

T=-1.539,
Df=1357.619, p>.05

t= - .421, df=1383, p>.05

WD

H

668

3.06

1.21

668

2.99

1.26

666

2.95

1.25

666

3.14

1.27

657

3.23

1.08

J-___

723

3.24

1.19

723

3.24

1.23

720

3.24

1.24

722

3.50

1.26

716

3.30

1.10

t=-2.940, df=1389,
p<.01

t=-3.778, df=1389,
p<.01__

t= - 4.221, df=1384,
p<.01__________________

t=-5.215, df=1386,
p<.01__________________

t=-1.193, df=1371, p>.0!

GD

H

668

3.00

1.24

668

2.98

1.26

666

2.96

1.23

666

3.10

1.23

660

2.35

.95

J-___

723

3.23

1.20

723

3.21

1.20

720

3.22

1.20

720

3.33

1.22

717

2.47

.91

t=-3.587, df=1389,
p<.01__________________

t=-3.513, df=1389,
p<.01__________________

t=-3.983, df=1384,
p<.01__________________

t=-3.492, df=1384,
p<.01__________________

t=-2.329, df=1375, p<.0!