5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment________

Motivation____

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N___

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M__

SD

PW

_H__

724

3.35

1.31

724

3.30

1.33

722

3.25

1.31

723

3.42

1.31

723

2.42

.87

_L__

665

3.23

1.37

665

3.23

1.35

661

3.13

1.30

661

3.36

1.33

663

2.42

.96

T= 1.620, df=1387,
p>.05______________

t= .927, df=1387,
p>.05________ ________

t= 1.637, df=1381,

p>.05__

t= .834, df=1382,
p>.05__________________

t= .026,
df=1339.486, p>.05

UC

H

724

3.44

1.56

723

3.47

1.47

722

3.23

1.45

720

3.23

1.40

722

1.61

.87

_L__

664

3.18

1.55

664

3.18

1.50

661

2.94

1.46

660

2.98

1.33

662

1.49

.74

t= 3.050, df=1386,
p<.01__________________

t= 3.584, df=1385,
p<.01__________________

t= 3.628, df=1381,
p<.01__________________

t= 3.442,
df=1375.887, p<.01

t= 2.675,
df= 1374.063, p<.01

RT

H

723

2.89

1.17

723

2.79

1.27

721

3.00

1.35

722

3.41

1.37

722

3.40

.98

L___

662

2.81

1.18

663

2.77

1.29

660

2.93

1.30

661

3.44

1.32

661

3.39

.95

t=1.240, df=1383,
p>.05

t= .254, df=1384,
p>.05

t= 1.034, df=1379,
p>.05

t=-.400, df=1381,
p>.05 ____ ______

t= .051, df=1381,
p>.05__

TE

H

724

3.41

1.26

724

3.28

1.28

722

3.41

1.31

723

3.85

1.18

718

3.64

1.04

_L___

664

3.44

1.20

665

3.34

1.25

661

3.34

1.23

663

3.81

1.22

659

3.57

1.06

t= - .450, df=1386,
p>.05

t=-.892, df=1387,
p>.05

t= .973,

df=1379.915, p>.05

t= .672, df=1384,
p>.05__________________

t= 1.139, df=1375,
p>.05__________________

IW

H

724

2.98

1.34

724

3.08

1.42

722

3.29

1.39

723

3.59

1.31

721

3.58

.99

_L___

665

2.83

1.30

665

2.96

1.38

662

3.06

1.37

663

3.33

1.35

656

3.36

1.01

t= 2.138, df=1387,
p<.05____ ______

t=1.623, df=1387,
p>.05__________________

t= 3.102, df=1382,
p<.01__________________

t= 3.653, df=1384,
p<.01__________________

t= 4.138, df=1375,
p<.01__________________

IH

H

722

2.46

1.24

724

2.62

1.35

722

2.82

1.38

722

3.27

1.36

721

2.77

1.03

L___

661

2.40

1.22

663

2.58

1.33

661

2.66

1.36

663

3.13

1.43

662

2.92

1.03

t= .845, df=1381,
p>.05

t= .648, df=1385,
p>.05 _____ ______

t= 2.098, df=1381,
p<.05__

t=1.957, df=1383,
p>.05__________________

t=-2.816, df=1381,
p<.01__________________

WD

H

724

3.13

1.18

724

3.09

1.24

722

3.04

1.24

723

3.30

1.26

715

3.26

1.11

_L___

665

3.18

1.24

665

3.14

1.27

662

3.18

1.27

663

3.35

1,29

655

3.25

1.08

t= -. 759,
df=1362.801, p>.05

t=-.771, df=1387,
p>.05

t=-2.093, df=1382,
p<.05      _____

t=-.852, df=1384,
p>.05__________________

t=.160, df=1368,
p>.05__________________

GD

H

724

3.08

1.24

724

3.08

1.24

722

3.09

1.21

723

3.19

1.22

719

2.38

.89

J_z__

665

3.16

1.21

665

3.11

1.23

662

3.10

1.24

661

3.26

1.25

656

2.46

.98

t=-1.245, df=1387,
p>.05__________________

t= -.472, df=1387,
p>.05__________________

t= - .084, df=1382,
p>.05__________________

t=-1.063, df=1382,
p>.05__________________

t=-1.564,
df=1327.380, p>.05