5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation_______________

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

625

2.74

1.39

624

2.65

1.32

623

2.52

1.22

622

2.77

1.31

620

1.42

.60

J____

1360

2,87

1.35

1355

2,68

1.27

1352

2.55

1.19

1352

2.74

1.22

1353

1.42

.61

t=-1.869, df=1983,
p>.05__________________

t=-.532,df=1977,
p>.05           _____

t=-.539,df=1973,
p>.05

t=.507,df=1133.069,
p>.05

t= .199, df=1971,
p>.05

UC

H

625

3.01

1.53

624

2.94

1.38

623

2.63

1.29

620

2.65

1.27

622

1.31

.64

J___

1359

3.10

1.50

1353

2.90

1.40

1349

2.61

1.27

1350

2.56

1.20

1352

1.38

.70

t=-1.236, df=1982, p>.0!

t= .592, df=1975,
p>.05         _______

t= .446, df=1970,
p>.05

t= 1.451, df=1968,
p>.05

t= - 2.283,
df=1304.205, p<.05

RT

H

624

2.52

1.21

623

2.36

1.23

623

2.72

1.28

622

3.13

1.28

622

2.97

1.14

J-__

1360

2.66

1.18

1349

2.50

1.15

1352

2.83

1.22

1350

3.17

1.24

1345

3.07

1.16

t=-2.299, df=1982,
p<.05__________________

t=-2.360,
df=1144.724, p<.05

t=-1.719,
df=1157.412, p>.05

t=-.723, df=1970,
p>.05          ____

t=-1.687, df=1965,
p>.05

TE

H

625

3.32

1.30

624

3.11

1.29

623

3.39

1.27

622

3.75

1.20

617

3.86

1.09

J-__

1360

3.41

1.21

1354

3.24

1.19

1352

3.47

1.20

1351

3.88

1.04

1349

4.10

.95

t=-1.407,
df=1136.819, p>.05

t=-2.051,
df=1126.089, p<.05

t=-1.385, df=1973,
p>.05__

t=-2.274,
Df=1063.877, p<.05

t=-4.696,
df=1066.660, p<.01

IW

H

625

3.16

1.30

624

3.24

1.32

623

3.48

1.34

622

3.77

1.22

617

3.78

.98

J-__

1360

3.26

1.25

1354

3.39

1.26

1352

3.64

1.23

1352

3.82

1.13

1349

3.87

.85

t=-1.640, df=1983,
p>.05      ______

t=-2.351, df=1976, p<.0!

t=-2.522,
df=1117.788, p<.05

t= - .935,
df=1125.098, p>.05

t=-1.889,
df=1056.133, p>.05

IH

H

625

2.99

1.37

624

3.30

1.44

623

3.53

1.38

621

4.03

1.19

618

3.16

1.12

J-__

1360

2.98

1.29

1355

3.26

1.31

1351

3.52

1.30

1352

4.04

1.13

1348

3.10

1.08

t=.226, df=1143.969, p>.

t= .611, df=1117.035,
p>.05__________________

t= .131, df=1147.686, p>.

t=-.266, df=1971,
p>.05__________________

t= 1.159, df=1964,
p>.05__________________

WD

H

625

2.48

1.25

624

2.44

1.22

623

2.38

1.18

622

2.50

1.20

615

1.90

.98

J-___

1360

2.58

1.19

1355

2.49

1.17

1351

2.44

1.12

1352

2.53

1.13

1345

1.86

.93

t= -1.640,
df=1157.819, p>.05

t=-.834,df=1977,
p>.05 _____ ______

t=-1.007, df=1972,
p>.05    ______

t=-.556, df=1138.228, p:

t= 1.018, df=1958,
p>.05___

GD

H

625

2.64

1.34

624

2.65

1.32

622

2.55

1.25

621

2.61

1.23

610

1.57

.77

J-___

1360

2.80

1.28

1354

2.71

1.25

1350

2.60

1.18

1352

2.63

1.16

1345

1.52

.78

t= - 2.464,
df=1160.797, p<.05

t= - .994,
df=1152.504, p>,05

t= - .922,
df=1145.864, p>.05

t= - .459,
df=1139.793, p>.05

t= 1.296, df=1953,
p>.05__________________