5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation______________

Sense of security_______

Sense of progress

Deployment__________

N

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M__

SD

PW

H

567

3.18

1.34

567

3.10

1.35

563

3.04

1.33

565

3.23

1.38

566

2.36

.90

JL___

829

3.38

1.33

829

3.38

1.32

827

3.30

1.27

826

3.48

1.27

827

2.47

.93

t=-2.850, df=1394,
p<.01__

t= -3.814, df=1394,
p<.01 ______

t= - 3.653, df=1388,
p<.01

t=-3.431,
df=1143.665, p<.01

t=-2.276, df=1391,
p<.05___

UC

H

567

3.31

1.59

567

3.30

1.51

564

3.04

1.49

562

3.06

1.44

565

1.52

.81

J.__

828

3.31

1.55

827

3.35

1.49

826

3.13

1.44

825

3.15

1.33

826

1.57

.81

t=.013, df=1393,
p>.05__

t=-.587, df=1392,
p>.05__________________

t=- 1.038, df=1388,
p>.05__________________

t=-1.114,
df=1140.054, p>.05

t=-1.326, df= 1389,

p>.05__________________

RT

H

563

2.73

1.17

566

2.63

1.28

562

2.80

1.35

564

3.21

1.41

565

3.30

.97

_L__

829

2.93

1.17

827

2.87

1.27

826

3.08

1.29

826

3.59

1.28

825

3.48

.97

t=-2.996, df=1390,
p<.01

t= - 3.422, df=1391,
p<.01

t=-3.945,
df=1163.752, p<.01

t=-5.143,
df=1128.599_jps01

t=-3.404, df=1388,
p<.01__

TE

~H~^

567

3.24

1.28

567

3.12

1.32

564

3.18

1.34

565

3.62

1.32

564

3.50

1.11

_L__

828

3.54

1.18

829

3.43

1.21

826

3.50

1.20

828

3.97

1.09

820

3.68

1.00

t=-4.595, df=1393,
p<.01

t=-4.424, df=1394,
p<.01

t=-4.600,
df=1115.701, p<.01

t=-5.241,
df=1052.460, p<.01

t=-3.077,
df=1131.882, p<.01

IW

H

567

2.72

1.35

567

2.84

1.44

564

2.92

1.45

565

3.30

1.43

564

3.30

1.05

J.__

829

3.04

1.29

829

3.16

1.36

827

3.36

1.31

828

3.59

1.25

820

3.61

.95

t=-4.368,
df=1181.214, p<.01

t=-4.207,
df=1170.143, p<.01

t= - 5.698,
df=1125.321, p<.01 J

t= - 3.827,
df=1100.742, p<.01

t=-5.653,
df=1126.489, p<.01

IH

H

566

2.35

1.25

567

2.50

1.35

564

2.62

1.43

564

3.06

1.43

565

2.82

1.01

J-___

824 j

2.49

1.23

827

2.67

1.33

826

2.82

1.32

828

3.30

1.35

825

2.84

1.04

t=-2.066, df=1388,
p<.05            ____

t=-2.295, df=1392,
p<.05__

t=-2.594,
df=1146.261, p<.05

t=-3.157, df= 1390,
p<.01__________________

t=-.335, df=1388,
p>.05__________________

WD

H

567

2.98

1.25

567

2.91

1.28

564

2.96

1.31

565

3.14

1.33

559

3.14

1.11

J-__

829

3.28

1.15

829

3.27

1.21

827

3.22

1.20

828

3.46

1.22

818

3.34

1.08

t=-4.678,df= 1394,
p<.01

t=-5.417, df=1394,
p<.01

t=-3.817, df=1389,
p<.01__________________

t=-4.672, df=1391,
p<.01__________________

t=-3.296, df=1375,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

567

3.01

1.25

567

2.96

1.25

564

2.97

1.24

565

3.06

1.29

561

2.35

.92

J-__

829

3.21

1.20

829

3.20

1.21

827

3.20

1.20

826

3.34

1.17

822

2.47

.94

t=-3.013, df=1394,
p<.01__________________

t=-3.624, df=1394,
p<.01__________________

t=-3.495, df=1389,
p<.01__________________

t=-4.156, df=1389,
p<.01__________________

t=- 2.178, df=1381,
p<.05__________________