5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment__

Motivation ______

Sense Ofsecurity

Sense of progress

Deployment _____

N____

M___

SD

N

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H__

1247

2.85

1.33

1243

2.77

1.26

1243

2.61

1.16

1242

2.82

1.20

1239

1.49

.63

_L__

846

2.76

1.41

844

2.49

1.31

838

2.40

1.25

843

2.64

1.32

842

1.31

.56

t=1.490,
df=1744.085, p>.05

t=4.868,

df=1762.012, p<.01

t=3.724,
df=1710.274, p<.01

t=3.225,
df=1688.847, p<.01

t=6.642,
df= 1942.185, p<.01

UC

H

1246

3.12

1.50

∏24iη

3.00

1.37

1240

2.68

1.26

1240

2.65

1.19

1240

1.37

.69

_L__

846

2.94

1.54

844

2.75

1.43

838

2.49

1.30

840

2.45

1.25

843

1.31

.64

t=2.576, df=2090,
p<.05__

t=3.952

df=1759.939, p<,01

t=3.363,
df=1751.199, p<.01

t=3.698,

df=1741.020, p<.01

t=2.047,
df=1884.027, p<.05

RT

^TΓ^

1246

2.66

1.17

1239

2.54

1.15

1243

2.85

1.19

1240

3.22

1.22

1235

3.03

1.11

_L__

845

2.54

1.21

841

2.31

1.19

838

2.70

1.31,

843

3.05

1.30

838

3.04

1.22

t=2.378,
df=1763.632, p<.05____

t=4.392, df=2078,
p<.01 ______

t=2.622,
df=1681.586, p<.01

t=2.937, df=2081,
p<.01__________________

t= -.118,
df=1677.934, p>,05

TE

H

1247

3.54

1.17

1243

3.38

1.15

1243

3.61

1.15

1241

3.99

.98

1232

4.06

.96

_L__

846

3.11

1.30

843

2.91

1.27

838

3.17

1.29

843

3.58

1.22

841

3.91

1.10

t=7.794,
df=1679.458, p<.01

t=8.567,
df=1687.742, p<.01

t=8.065,
df=1649.189, p<.01

t=8.098,
df=1549.291, p<.01

t=3.074,
df=1640,347, p<.01

IW

H

1247

3.32

1.22

1243

3.40

1.25

1243

3.62

1.23

1242

3.86

1.12

1233

3.84

.90

L___

846

3.12

1.32

843

3.22

1.34

838

3.52

1.32

843

3.68

1.21

839

3.85

.90

t=3.518,
I df=1717.954, p<.01_____

t=3.064,
df=1723.626, p<.01

t=1.781,
df=1714.530, p>.05

t=3.457,
df=1712.291, p<.01

t= -.230, df=2070,
p>.05__________________

IH

H

1247

3.06

1.29

1243

3.40

1.29

1243

3.65

1.26

1242

4.14

1.06

1231

3.28

1.04

L

846

2.83

1.36

844

3.04

1,42

837

3.29

1.41

842

3.87

1.24

841

2.83

1.11

t=3.961,
df=1750.114, p<.01

t=5.833,
df=1695.395, p<.01

t=5.819,
df=1650.810, p<.01

t=5.102,
df=1611.770, p<.01

t=9.314, df=2070,
p<.01__________________

WD

H

1247

2.64

1.20

1243

2.61

1.15

1242

2.53

1.12

1242

2.63

1.11

1233

1.99

.96

j.__

846

2.40

1.23

844

2.27

1.21

838

2.23

1.14

843

2.36

1.20

834

1.67

.86

t=4.348, df=2091,
p<.01

t=6.353,
df=1756.698, p<.01

t=6.123, df=2078,
p<.01__________________

t=5.112,
df=1705.587, p<.01

t=7.761, df=2065,
p<.01__________________

GD

~H~

1247

2.81

1.30

1242

2.80

1.25

1240

2.70

1.20

1241

2.75

1.17

1228

1.61

.81

J_z__

846

2.62

1.32

844

2.50

1.28

838

2.38

1.18

843

2.43

1.20

836

1.42

.70

t=3.142, df=2091,
p<.01__________________

t=5.232,
df=1779.460, p<.01

t=6.030, df=2076, p<.01

t=5.942,
df=1775.398, p<.01

t=5.538,
df=1945,316, p<.01